The present 15 days study was undertaken to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of the prenylated isoflavones osajin and pomiferin isolated from the infructences of Maclura pomifera, Moraceae, against ischemia-reperfusion induced injury in rat hearts as a model of antioxidant-based composite therapy. The study was performed on isolated, modified Langendorff-perfused rat hearts and the ischemia of heart was induced by stopping coronary flow for 30 min followed by 60 min of reperfusion (14 ml min -1 ). The Wistar rats were divided into four groups. The first treatment group received osajin (5 mg/kg/day in 0.5% Avicel); the second treatment group received pomiferin (5 mg/kg/day in 0.5% Avicel); the placebo group received only 0.5 Avicel; the last was an untreated control group. Biochemical indicator of oxidative damage-lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes -superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant activity in serum and myocardium were evaluated. The effect of osajin and pomiferin on cardiac function, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, left ventricular pressure and peak positive +dP/dt ischemia and reperfusion, also was examined.The results demonstrate that osajin and pomiferin attenuates the myocardial dysfunction provoked by ischemiareperfusion. This was confirmed by an increase in both antioxidant enzyme values and total antioxidant activity. The cardioprotection provided by osajin and pomiferin treatment results from the suppression of oxidative stress and this correlates with improved ventricular function.

Nečas J., L. Bartošíková, T. Florian, J. Klusáková, V. Suchý, E. Janoštíková, T. Bartošík, EM. B. El Naggar: Protective Effects of Flavonoid Pomiferin on Heart IschemiaReperfusion. Acta Vet. Brno 2007, 76: 363-370.The objective of the present 15-day study was to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of fl avonoid pomiferin isolated from the infructences of Maclura pomifera, Moraceae, against ischemia-reperfusion induced injury in rat hearts as a model of antioxidant-based composite therapy. Studies were performed with isolated, modifi ed Langendorff-perfused rat hearts and ischemia of heart was initiated by stopping the coronary fl ow for 30 min, followed by 60 min of reperfusion (14 ml·min -1 ). Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The treated group received pomiferin (5 mg/kg/day in 0.5% Avicel); the placebo group received only 0.5% Avicel; the intact group was left without any applications. Biochemical indicators of oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant activity in serum and myocardium has been evaluated. We also examined the effect of pomiferin on cardiac function (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, left ventricular pressure, peak positive +dP/dt (rate of pressure development) after ischemia and reperfusion. Our results demonstrate that pomiferin attenuates the myocardial dysfunction provoked by ischemiareperfusion. This was confi rmed by the increase in both the antioxidant enzyme values and the total antioxidant activity. The cardio-protection provided by pomiferin treatment results from the suppression of oxidative stress and correlates with the improved ventricular function.

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the antioxidant effect and the dose of pomiferin during a prophylactic administration. The pathological model for an in vivo experiment was the unilateral ischemia-reperfusion of the laboratory rat kidney. The animals were randomly divided into five groups. Pomiferin was administered orally at doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg·kg -1 , in 2 ml of Avicel solution by a gastric sound once a day to three premedicated groups. A placebo -2 ml of 0.5% Avicel solution -was given to the fourth group, and the fifth group was intact. The premedication lasted 15 days and subsequently ischemia of the left kidney was incited under a general anaesthesia for 60 min. The reperfusion lasted 10 min and it was concluded with blood collection from the left ventricle, and the reperfused kidney was recovered. Selected biochemical markers were assessed in blood: superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde. Kidney tissue samples were used for histopathological examination. Biochemical and histopathological results confirmed the anticipated effects of pomiferin. Pomiferin supported the defensive reactions of the system against free radicals and decreased lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. The relation between the effect and the dose of pomiferin was not linear, and some of the assessed differences between the groups were statistically highly significant. The best results of the biochemical examination were achieved after the administration of pomiferin at the dose of 20 mg·kg -1 . The histopathological results confirmed the dose of 5 mg·kg -1 to be the most effective one.

The goal of the study was to monitor the antioxidative effect of stobadine derivative in the conditions of ischemia-reperfusion of laboratory rat kidney tissue. The animals were divided by random selection into 5 groups (n = 10). The treated groups were given stobadine derivate in peroral doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg in 0.5 % solution of Avicel once a day; the placebo group was given only the solution of Avicel. The last group was an intact group (without ischemia-reperfusion and without treatment). After conclusion of medication on the 15th day all animals were subjected to kidney tissue ischemia (60 min.) followed by reperfusion (10 min.). All animals were subsequently exsanquined and single identification of superoxiddismutase, glutathion peroxidase, total antioxidative capacity, and malondialdehyde level in the blood were determined. Kidneys were recovered for histopathological examination. A statistically significant decrease of the superoxiddismutase and statistically significant increase of the glutathione peroxidase catalytic activity in the treated groups compared to the groups of placebo and intact was discovered. There was also a statistically highly significant increase of total antioxidative capacity in the treated groups compared to the groups of placebo and intact. A statistically significant decrease of malondialdehyde level was identified in the treated groups compared to the groups of placebo and intact. The results of biochemical examination show a protective antioxidative effect of stobadine derivative. The results of histopathological examination support this assumption.

The goal of the study was to monitor the antioxidative effect of stobadine derivative under conditions of ischemiareperfusion of laboratory rat kidney tissue. 40 animals were subjected to kidney tissue ischemia (60 min) followed by reperfusion (10 min). After that, the animals were divided by random selection into 4 groups (n = 10). The treated groups were given stobadine derivative in peroral doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg in 0.5% solution of Avicel once a day, the placebo group was given only the solution of Avicel. One group (n = 10) was an intact group (without ischemiareperfusion and without treatment), for comparison. Once a week, selected laboratory parameters were determined in all animals. On the 15 th day the animals were exsanquined and organs were recovered for histopathological examination. We discovered a statistically significant changes of the superoxiddismutase and glutathione peroxidase catalytic activity; changes of total antioxidative capacity and malondialdehyde in the treated groups compared to the groups of placebo and intact. Other examined laboratory parameters (creatinine, urea and uric acid in blood; creatinine, urea, total protein in urine; diuresis) exhibited significant changes too. The results of biochemical examination show a protective antioxidative effect of the compound studied. The results of histopathological examination support this assumption.