The present study reports on a year-long (November 1997-November 1998) study of water quality in streams of the Olympias and Skouries areas of Chalkidiki (Hellas), subject to past and present mining activities. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected from 18 sampling sites at five sampling intervals, while several physicochemical parameters of the water (D.O., pH, temperature, nutrients etc.) were also measured. Five European biotic indices and scores and two multivariate statistical methods (CANOCO, FUZZY) were applied to the macroinvertebrate data. The concentration of various trace metals in the water, sediment, fish and crustaceans were also measured. Most sampling stations exhibited a highly diverse macroinvertebrate fauna during the whole year. However, a slight amelioration of water quality was observed during the high-flow period (winter and early spring), regarding diversity of several invertebrate groups, especially pollution-sensitive families, which decreased. The European biotic indices and scores proved to be relatively ineffective in describing water quality and it is suggested that an Hellenic biotic indice or score should be created. The bioaccumulation studies indicated variable effects of trace metals and organic load on macroinvertebrates according to the degree of load.
In the present study, the water quality of Kalamas river (NW Greece) was evaluated using Einschätzung der Wasser-und Habitat-Beschaffenheit eines mediterranen Flusses (Kalamas, Epirus, Hellas) in Übereinstimmung mit der EU-WasserrahmenrichtlinieDie Wasserbeschaffenheit des Kalamas River (Nordwest-Griechenland) wird auf der Basis physikalisch-chemischer und hydromorphologischer Parameter und der benthischen Makrofauna dargestellt. Statistische Analysen (Cluster-und FUZZY-Analysen) und zwei biotische Indices (NMWP und HS) werden zur Klassifizierung der Probestellen hinsichtlich der Wasserbeschaffenheit genutzt. Danach weist der Kalamas River an allen Stellen eine sehr gute bis gute Wasserbeschaffenheit auf, ausgenommen der unterste, nahe dem Delta gelegene Abschnitt, der deutlich oder signifikant verunreinigt ist. Die Gewässerbeschaf-fenheit scheint während der Niedrigwasserperiode schlechter zu sein als zu Zeiten höherer Durchflüsse. Die ökologischen Parameter (hydromorphologische, chemische und biologische), die für diese integrierte Bewertung verwendet wurden, entsprechen denjenigen, die von der Wasserrahmenrichtlinie 2000/60 der EU für ein effizientes Monitoring der Fließ-gewässer vorgeschlagen werden.
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