The trends in climatic changes in hydrometeorological, biological, fisheries and anthropogenic characteristics of the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea ecosystems during 1980-2010 are considered. Despite the high annual variability in means of the characteristics, the significant amount of analyzed variables can be described with both linear and periodic trends. The main changes in variables considered fall on the periods of 1989-1990 and 2005-2006. The changes are explained by both natural and technogenic reasons. It is concluded, that there is a high probability of fish productivity recovery in 30th-40th of XXI century to the level of 1970th-1980th in the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea if anthropogenic impact will decrease of stabilize.