An actinomycete strain, ID05-A0528T , was isolated using the SDS-yeast extract pre-treatment method from soil under mahogany (Swietenia mahogani) trees in West Timor, Indonesia, and was examined by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characterizations demonstrated that the novel strain belongs to the genus Dietzia. 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies showed that the strain was related to Dietzia cinnamea (97.2 %).Results of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses determined that strain ID05-A0528 T is different from the known species of the genus Dietzia. It is proposed that the isolate should be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Dietzia, with the name Dietzia timorensis sp. nov. The type strain is ID05-A0528 T (5BTCC B-560 T 5NBRC 104184 T ).The genus Dietzia is a member of the suborder Corynebacterineae (Stackebrandt et al., 1997) and encompasses eight species at the time of writing, including Dietzia papillomatosis, Dietzia schimae and Dietzia cercidiphylli (Jones et al., 2008;Li et al., 2008). Known species of the genus Dietzia were originally isolated from several sources, including clinical materials, such as an alkaline soda lake, a perianal swab, a drain pool of a fish-egg processing plant, soil, the skin of an immunocompetent patient, and plant tissue (Duckworth et al., 1998;Yumoto et al., 2002;Yassin et al., 2006;Mayilraj et al., 2006;Jones et al., 2008;Li et al., 2008). Some strains identified as representing species of the genus Dietzia show degradation of hydrocarbons, including n-alkanes (Rainey et al., 1995;Chaillan et al., 2004;Yumoto et al., 2002). Additionally, Takeishi et al. (2006) reported xylanolytic strains of the genus Dietzia isolated from the hindgut and faeces of Trypoxylus dichotomus larvae. Hence, the discovery of additional species of this genus will help in understanding their ecological roles and provide bioresources for industrial applications, including bioremediation.Strain ID05-A0528 T was isolated from a soil sample collected under mahogany trees in West Timor. The SDS-yeast extract pre-treatment method (Hayakawa & Nonomura, 1989) and humic acid-vitamin agar (Hayakawa & Nonomura, 1987) containing nalidixic acid (20 mg l -1 ) were used in the isolation. The pre-treatment method was used to enhance the spore germination of actinomycetes and to decrease the number of nonfilamentous bacteria on the isolation plates. The aim of the present study was to determine the taxonomic position of isolate ID05-A0528 T using a polyphasic approach.The colonial properties of strain ID05-A0528 T were recorded from a modified Bennett's agar plate (Jones, 1949) that had been incubated for 14 days at 28 u C. Gramstaining was examined by using Hucker's method (Gerhardt, 1981). Motility was examined in hanging drops by light microscopy using culture grown on Bennett's agar plates. Morphology of the cells was observed using light microscopy. Tests for aesculin and arbutin hydrolysis (Williams et al., 1983), nitrate reduction (Gordon & Mihm,The...

Six actinomycete strains isolated from soil and plant-litter samples in Indonesia were studied for their taxonomic position by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetically, all the strains were located in the broad cluster of the genus Actinokineospora. Chemotaxonomic data [cell-wall diamino acid, meso-diaminopimelic acid; cell-wall peptidoglycan, type III (A1γ); major sugars, galactose and arabinose; major menaquinone, MK-9(H4); major fatty acid, iso-C16 : 0; major phospholipid, phosphatidylethanolamine] supported the affiliation of all six strains to the genus Actinokineospora. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization with DNA from type strains of Actinokineospora species with validly published names revealed three DNA–DNA relatedness groups. Group I (ID03-0561T) showed low relatedness to the other strains studied. The three strains in group II (ID03-0784T, ID03-0808 and ID03-0809) formed a group with high relatedness (98–100 %) and showed low relatedness to the other strains studied. The two strains in group III (ID03-0810T and ID03-0813) showed 58–68 % relatedness to Actinokineospora terrae NBRC 15668T and showed low relatedness (2–24 %) to the other strains studied. The description of three novel species is proposed: Actinokineospora baliensis sp. nov., for the single strain in group I (type strain ID03-0561T =BTCC B-554T =NBRC 104211T), Actinokineospora cibodasensis sp. nov., for the strains in group II (type strain ID03-0784T =BTCC B-555T =NBRC 104212T), and Actinokineospora cianjurensis sp. nov., for the strains in group III (type strain ID03-0810T =BTCC B-558T =NBRC 105526T).

Two actinomycete strains, ID05-A0653T and ID06-A0464T, were isolated from soils of West Timor and Lombok island, respectively, in Indonesia. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis clearly demonstrated that the isolates belonged to the family Pseudonocardiaceae and were closely related to the genus Actinophytocola. Strains ID05-A0653T and ID06-A0464T exhibited 98.1 and 98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively, with Actinophytocola oryzae GMKU 367T. The isolates grew well on ISP media and produced white aerial mycelium. Short spore chains were formed directly on the substrate mycelium. The isolates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose as cell-wall components, MK-9(H4) as the sole isoprenoid quinone, iso-C16 : 0 as the major cellular fatty acid and phosphatidylethanolamine as the diagnostic polar lipid. The DNA G+C contents of strains ID05-A0653T and ID06-A0464T were 69.7 and 71.2 mol%, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, DNA–DNA relatedness and 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, strains ID05-A0653T and ID06-A0464T each represent a novel species of the genus Actinophytocola, for which the names Actinophytocola timorensis sp. nov. (type strain ID05-A0653T  = BTCC B-673T  = NBRC 105524T) and Actinophytocola corallina sp. nov. (type strain ID06-A0464T  = BTCC B-674T  = NBRC 105525T) are proposed.

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The taxonomic positions of actinomycete strains T and ID03-0825, isolated from soil on the Indonesian island of Bali, were examined using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of these organisms are typical of the genus Streptomyces. Phylogenetic analyses performed using almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that the strains were closely related to Streptomyces glauciniger and Streptomyces lilacinus. However, DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic characteristics revealed that the strains differed from known Streptomyces species. Therefore, we conclude that strains ID03-0915 T and ID03-0825 (5BTCC B-563) represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which we propose the name Streptomyces baliensis sp. nov. The type strain is strain ID03-0915 T (5BTCC B-608 T 5NBRC 104276 T ).