Abstract:In recent years the the set of diagnostic tools in colorectal cancers has been extended by the assessment of the KRAS gene status. Currently it is a necessary step in order to qualify patients for the targeted therapy. The results of the analysis of several studies revealed a high rate of compliance of the KRAS gene mutational status in primary and metastatic tumors. In this paper we present a rare case of incompatibility of the KRAS mutations in the primary tumor located in the colon and metastatic changes in the liver.

Introduction. Colorectal cancer is an increasingly common cancer, and due to the possibility of using many drugs nd combination therapy, it bears the hallmarks of a chronic disease. Improving the quality of life is important.Material and methods. The following analysis applies to the oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CAPOX) regimen in a group of 305 patients. This chemotherapy was used as part of palliative treatment lines I, II or III.Results. The work proved the effectiveness of the scheme despite the reduction of drug doses in about 50% of patients, and toxicity grade 3 was only present in 5% (grade 4 complications were not observed). The group of patients in which CAPOX was used as the first treatment line was considered representative, and the effectiveness of the treatment depending on the location of the primary tumour was evaluated. Conclusion.Differences in overall survival of patients after stratification were observed relative to the location of the primary tumour. Survival was longer in patients with left-sided primary tumour compared to right-sided localisation and was, respectively, 20.4 (95% CI, 17.5-23.4) and 12.1 months (95% CI, 10.5-13.8) (P = 0.014).

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A retrospective observational study of the outcomes of darbepoetin alfa treatment for chemotherapy-induced anaemia in breast cancer patients was conducted. A group of 152 patients treated during 13 months in one oncology centre was assessed. Ninety-eight patients (64.5%) received perioperative chemotherapy, and 54 patients (35.5%) received palliative chemotherapy. The results of treatment with darbepoetin alfa were analysed by age (< 65 vs. ≥ 65 years), the aim of chemotherapy (perioperative vs. palliative), and body mass index (< 25 vs. 25-29 vs. 30 and more). The effectiveness of the therapy was estimated at 80.9% (95% CI: 74.7-87.2%).Significantly higher effectiveness of ESA was found in patients treated perioperatively compared to patients treated for metastatic breast cancer (85.7% vs. 72.2%, p = 0.043). There were no differences in the effectiveness of ESA depending on age and BMI. No serious ESA-related adverse events were observed.

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