The research aimed to examine the factors that affecting the autonomy of nurses' work. Method: A cross sectional descriptive design was conducted in two of public hospitalsin KSA using a developed questionnaire. Randomsampling technique was utilized to choose 400 nurses in the participated hospitals. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS software version 21. Results: The findings showed there wasa significant correlation between nurses' perception of autonomy of their work and organization culture and climate; relation and cooperation; training and development; compensation and rewards; and adequacy of resources and facilities. Conclusion: Many factor affecting the nurses' perception of their work including organization culture, relation and cooperation, compensation and rewards, training and development, and adequacy of resources.