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The effect of subclinical mastitis on serum estradiol and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels during oestrus and subsequent fertility was investigated in dairy cows. 40 cows were divided into two groups as healthy control (n=20) and subclinical mastitis (n=20), according to the results of California Mastitis Test (CMT) and bacteriological isolation and identification. Cows were synchronised with a standart 7 day Ovsynch protocol. Following prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2α) administration, cows were examined with trans-rectal ultrasonography at 24, 36 and 48 th h, dominant follicle diameters were recorded and blood samples were collected. Sixteen h after the second gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) administration, cows were inseminated and a final examination of ovaries were performed and dominant follicle diameters were recorded. estradiol and TNF-α concentrations were analysed with ELISA in serum samples. No significant differences were found between the follicular diameters and growth patterns (P>0.05) of the two groups while estradiol concentations were significantly higher in the subclinical mastitis group than the control group at 24 and 48 h after PGF2α injection (P=0.017 and P=0.036 respectively). Also TNF-α levels were significantly higher in cows with subclinical mastitis than the control group (P=0.03). Positive correlations were observed between estradiol and TNF-α levels, in both groups (Control Group: R=0.512, P=0.021; Subclinical Mastitis Group: R=0.826, P<0.001). Overall pregnancy rate was higher in the control group (40%) than the subclinical mastitis (25%) group however the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In conclusion estradiol and TNF-α concentrations were found higher in cows with subclinical mastitis during estrus and this data may be due to a luteal insufficiency during the initiation of synchronization, however further studies are required. Özet Süt ineklerinde subklinik mastitislerin serum östradiol ve tümör nekrozis faktör alfa (TNF-α) düzeyleri ve fertilite üzerine etkileri araştırıldı. Kaliforniya Mastitis Test (CMT) ve bakteriyolojik izolasyon identifikasyon sonuçlarına göre 40 inek sağlıklı kontrol (n=20) ve subklinik mastitisli (n=20) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. İnekler standart bir 7 günlük Ovsynch protokolü ile senkronize edildi. Prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2α) uygulamasını takiben inekler 24, 36 ve 48. saatlerde transrektal ultrasonografi ile muayene edildi, dominant follikül çapları kaydedildi ve kan örnekleri toplandı. İkinci gonadotropin salgılatıcı hormon (GnRH) uygulamasını takiben 16. saatte inekler tohumlandı, son bir ovaryum muayenesi yapıldı ve dominant follikül çapları kaydedildi. Serum örneklerinde östradiol ve TNF-α düzeyleri ELISA ile belirlendi. Folikül çapları ve folliküler gelişim özelliği yönünden iki grup arasında önemli bir fark görülmezken (P>0.05), serum östradiol konsantrasyonları subklinik mastitis grubunda kontrol grubuna göre PGF2α enjeksiyonunu takiben 24 ve 48. saatlerde belirgin ölçüde yüksek bulundu (sırasıyla, P=0.017 ...

A four-year-old Anatolian Shepherd bitch was brought to our clinic with an intermittent purulent-hemorrhagic vaginal discharge complaint with no general symptoms for six months following the last parturition. There were no signs of mass or lesion on the vaginal wall during physical examination. Anechogenic uterine content, hyperechoic structures freely floating in the lumen, and suspicious fetal tissue remnants were detected by ultrasonography in only the left uterine horn. Hematological parameters revealed the chronic uterine infection. The unilateral ovariohysterectomy operation was performed for the more affected left horn to maintain the patient's fertility. Two fetal bone remnants were detected in the reddish infectious uterine content at the postsurgical uterine incision. Throughout the postoperative five months, vaginal discharge or any general signs of complication were not observed. We thought that the last fetus might have undergone uterine retention and autolysis in the following weeks, which caused the chronic uterine infection. Obstetrical controls are well-advised in all parturitions to reveal any fetal remnant cases/complications and to have a normal postpartum process.