Growth, yield and fruit quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum) at different spacingsPlanting density and cultivars suitable to climatic conditions of southwestern Paraná State are of great importance in crop production and fruit quality of pepper. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, production and fruit quality of pepper cultivars in different spacing and harvest seasons carried out in field in the southwestern Paraná. The experiments were carried out in the experimental area of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, from September 2009 to July 2012. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications in a 2x3 factorial design, comprising two pepper varieties (BRS Mari and Paprika) and three planting densities: 1.50x1.00 m, 1.00x1.25 m, 1.50x1.25 m between rows and between plants, respectively. The number, fresh mass and production of fruits, length, fruit diameter, leaf area index, soluble solids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin content in fresh fruits were analysed. BRS Mari resulted in greater number of fruits (199.33), production per area (5.87 t/ha), fresh fruit production (768.67 g/plant) and capsaicin (549.92 mg/kg) and dihydrocapsaicin (251.93 mg/kg) content. The spacing of 1.00x1.25 m resulted in higher yield per area (22.88 t/ha), capsaicin (362.25 mg/kg) and dihydrocapsaicin (165.02 mg/kg) content. Density can be a strategy for productivity of pepper cultivars evaluated.

RESUMO:A Aloysia triphylla (L'Hér.) Britton é uma planta medicinal de porte arbustivo com folhas aromáticas que possuem óleo essencial rico em citral. A crescente demanda da indústria farmacêutica e cosmética pelo óleo essencial de A. triphylla promoveram grande interesse sobre o cultivo dessa espécie. A estaquia é um dos principais métodos de propagação devido à dificuldade em obter sementes, e também pela vantagem dos descendentes serem iguais à planta-matriz. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes concentrações de AIB e do comprimento das estacas no enraizamento de estacas de A. triphylla. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido no período de Novembro de 2010 a Janeiro de 2011. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial onde os fatores foram cinco concentrações de ácido indol butírico (AIB) (mg L -1 ): 0, 250, 500, 1000 e 1500, e quatro comprimentos de estaca: 4, 6, 8 e 10 cm. As estacas tiveram a base imersa em solução de AIB e foram colocadas para enraizar em substrato comercial Mecplant®. As variáveis analisadas foram: comprimento do sistema radicular, percentagem de estacas enraizadas (%), número de brotações, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea, e massa seca das raízes. Nas condições em que o estudo foi realizado os resultados mostraram que o comprimento das estacas e concentração de AIB afetam o desenvolvimento das estacas, apresentando ajuste quadrático e linear para as variáveis analisadas. As mudas obtidas a partir de estacas com 10 cm e concentração de 1500 mg L -1 de AIB apresentaram a maior percentagem de enraizamento e as maiores médias para o comprimento do sistema radicular, número de brotações, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea. Palavras-chave:Cidró; estaquia; regulador de crescimento ABSTRACT: Vegetative propagation of Aloysia triphylla (L'Hér.) Britton according to IBA and length of cuttings. Aloysia triphylla (L'Hér.) Britton is a medicinal plant shrub with aromatic leaves, which have essential oil rich in citral. The increasing demand of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries for the A. triphyllaessential oil provided a greater interest in the cultivation of this species. Cutting is one of the main methods of propagation, due to the difficulty in obtaining seeds and also for the benefit of descendants being equal to the parent plant. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of IBA and length of cuttings in the rooting of A. triphylla. The experiment was carried out in a protected environment in the period from November 2010 to January 2011. The experimental design was completely randomized using the factorial design where the factors were five concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (mg L -1 ): 0, 250, 500, 1000 and 1500, and four lengthsforthe cuttings: 4, 6, 8 and 10 cm. The cutting base was immersed in a solution of IBA and placed into the rooting Mecplant ® commercial substrate. The variables analyzed were: root length, percentage of rooted cuttings (%), number of shoots, fr...

Content and constituents of essential oil of Aloysia triphylla in different row spaces and harvest timesThis study aimed to evaluate biomass production, content and components of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla in different row spaces and harvest times. The experiment was conducted at the experimental area of Universidade Federal Tecnológica do Paraná -Campus Dois Vizinhos, from March 2010 to January 2012. The experimental design was a randomized block design with three replications in a factorial scheme (3 x 11), subdivided blocks allocated in three planting rows plot (1.0 x 1.0 m, 1.0 x 0.80 m, 1x 0,60 m between rows and between plants, respectively) and on subplots, 11 harvest times

O cidró (Aloysia triphylla) é uma planta medicinal de porte arbustivo, com folhas aromáticas que possuem óleo essencial rico em citral, e essa substância confere grande importância à indústria farmacêutica e cosmética. Objetivou-se avaliar o teor e os componentes do óleo essencial do cidró em função da sazonalidade e horário de colheita. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos, de março de 2010 a setembro de 2011. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial onde os fatores foram realizados nas épocas de extração (outubro/2010 a setembro/2011) e horários de colheita (8:00, 11:00, 14:00, 16:00 e 18:00 horas). Foram analisados o teor e composição química do óleo essencial, extraído pela técnica de hidrodestilação, utilizando o aparelho de Clevenger e analisado em cromatografia gasosa e espectofotometria de massa (CG/EM). O mês de fevereiro resultou em maior teor de óleo essencial de cidró nos horários de colheita das 16:00 e 18:00 horas, provavelmente ocasionado pelas condições climáticas favoráveis e a presença de folhas jovens geneticamente ativas. Os constituintes majoritários do óleo essencial foram geranial (36,96%), neral (29,31%), nerolidol (24,34%) e limoneno (15,77%).

Avaliação de substratos orgânicos na produção de mudas de hortelã (Mentha gracilisR Palavras-chave: Mentha gracilis, Mentha x villosa, plantas medicinais, substratosABSTRACT: Evaluation of organic substrates on mint (Mentha gracilis R. Br. and Mentha x villosa Huds.) seedling production. The determination of viable alternative substrates is of great importance for the production of medicinal seedlings since the use of residues from agricultural activities represents an alternative to solve environmental and social problems. The experiments were carried out in protected environment and in the field, located in the Federal Technological University of Paraná, Dois Vizinhos Campus, Paraná State, Brazil. The aim of this work was to evaluate organic substrates for the production of mint seedlings in the field. Experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three replicates, in a factorial arrangement evaluating four substrates [bovine manure + vermiculite + sand (1:1:1); bovine manure + sand + soil (1:1:1); soil + vermiculite + poultry manure (1:1:1); and the organomineral substrate Plantmax ® HA] and two mint species (Mentha gracilis and Mentha x villosa). Plant height and leaf number were evaluated at 07, 14 and 21 days after transplanting, besides death rate and fresh and dry matter of shoots and roots. There was no interaction between mint species and substrates for the evaluated variables. The organomineral substrate Plantmax® HA presented the best results for leaf number (8.44), height (8.46 cm), fresh matter (1.56 g plant -1 ), dry matter (0.23 g plant -1 ) and set (100% seedlings in the field), which is of great interest for the mint producer. Based on these results, we concluded that the substrate Plantmaxâ HA is the most recommended for the production of Mentha x villosa and Mentha gracilis seedlings.