Our goal in this paper is the study of the impact of FDI on poverty and sustainable development in the case of Tunisia and during the study period from 1985 to 2015. In addition, we use the test unit root of cointegration test, the model error correction of FMOLS and Granger causality. In the case of Tunisia, we find that all variables are integrated of order 1. Thus, we can use the cointegration test. Indeed, the result of the null hypothesis test of no cointegration was rejected at the 5% threshold, which explains the presence of a cointegration relationship between FDI, sustainable development and poverty. Finally, we present and interpreted the results of the estimated FMOLS model and Granger causality test to study the contribution of FDI to the poverty reduction and sustainable development in Tunisia. We find that the LIDE variable measuring foreign direct investment has a significant negative impact on the GINI index. We notice the LCO2 variable that measures the CO2 emissions has a negative and significant impact on poverty as measured by the poverty gap at $ 1.91. We prove that direct foreign investments have a significant negative impact on CO2 emissions. We find that the LIDE variable measuring foreign direct investment has a significant negative impact on the GINI index. We notice the LCO2 variable that measures the CO2 emissions has a negative and significant impact on poverty as measured by the poverty gap at $ 1.91. We prove that direct foreign investments have a significant negative impact on CO2 emissions. We found that the LIDE variable measuring foreign direct investment has a significant negative impact on the GINI index. We notice the LCO2 variable that measures the CO2 emissions has a negative and significant impact on poverty as measured by the poverty gap at $ 1.91. We prove that direct foreign investments have a significant negative impact on CO2 emissions.

The aim of this paper is to study the impact of FDI on poverty in the case of the North African country during the period from 1985 to 2005. The sample used in this paper consists of 6 countries of North Africa during the period from 1985 to 2005. So we can use the cointegration test. For the cointegration test, we have certified the existence of a cointegration relationship between the different series studied in our paper. Indeed, the result of the null hypothesis test of no cointegration was rejected at the 5% threshold, which explains the presence of a cointegration relationship. Also, to test the effect of FDI on poverty in the countries of North Africa, we will perform a FMOLS estimate. Thus, for the short-term dynamics, we noticed that FDI have a positive and significant impact on a threshold of 1% on the GINI index for the case of the countries of North Africa and a significant negative a threshold of 1% for the other two indicators of poverty; LPOV1_91 $ and LPOV3_1 $. Then we found that is statistically significant and positive at a 1% level. The LIDE variable measuring foreign direct investment has a negative impact on the Gini index to a threshold of 5%.For the Granger causality test; we notice that there is a unidirectional relationship between the consumption of energy and poverty Granger. Only the GINI index can cause Granger consumption of energy.

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This paper provides a study of the relationship between sustainable development and foreign direct investment (FDI) from an empirical point of view in the case of the North African countries during the period from 1985 to 2005. We use the cointegration test, the FMOLS (Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares) model and the Granger causality test to examine this relationship. According to the empirical results, we confirm the existence of a cointegration relationship between the different series studied in this paper. Based on the cointegration test we can use the error correction model. Also, to test the effect of FDI on sustainable development in the North African countries, we make an estimate by FMOLS method. We found that the foreign direct investment has a positive impact on CO2 emissions. Also, the Granger Causality test confirms the presence of a bidirectional relationship between FDI and CO2 emissions (Carbon dioxide). That is to say, the FDI can cause CO2 emissions and CO2 emissions can cause FDI based on the Granger causality.