Osajaxanthone, a pigment obtained from the root bark of the Osage orange (Maclura pomifera Raf.), is shown to be 5,8-dihydroxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H,6H-pyrano(3,2-b]xanthen-6-one (1). Dihydroosajaxanthone monomethyl ether (7) and an isomer are synthesized.
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