This paper reviews the effects of storage and bacterial content contaminating human milk on some milk constituents. Moreover, it reviews the inhibitory effect of refrigeration and freezing on bacterial growth. Our results suggest that the type and length of storage have an effect on some milk constituents, that this effect is modulated by the bacterial contamination of the milk and that refrigeration has a significant inhibitory effect on bacterial growth which is not observed after freezing. This stresses the importance of collecting noncontaminated milk and justifies the choice of refrigeration at 0-4°C for storage up to 8 days.