Drilling mud density is an important factor in drilling operations. The cost of the drilling mud used for oil and gas well drilling can be 10%-15% of the total drilling cost, and the deeper the well, the more the needed drilling mud. This research aims to prepare a mud that provides performance similar to the conventional mud and to lower down the dependency of primitive CaCO3 technology by exploring it from trash/polluted and naturally occurring materials. For that purpose, a mud was prepared by replacing primeval CaCO3 with the CaCO3 derived from eggshells, as eggshells contain CaCO3 in high amounts which range from 70% to 95%. The success of this project will provide an affordable solution and an alternative way to explore new methodologies for obtaining CaCO3. According to the 2017 Report of Pakistan Poultry Association (PPA) 18,000 Million table eggs are consumed per year in Pakistan. The obtained results of this research are quite satisfactory. CaCO3 obtained from eggshells is used in high amounts, 275–410g to achieve density ranges from 9.5 to 11.0 pounds per gallon whereas, pure the needed quantity of pure CaCO3 is 150g to obtain the density of 10.5 pounds per gallon. Apart from this, it is also observed that eggshell based CaCO3 samples are more efficient in rheological properties compared to the market samples of CaCO3 t. The pH of pure CaCO3 sample of 10.5 pounds per gallon density is almost the same with the sample of eggshell CaCO3 of 10.5 pounds per gallon density.
Well completion is the process of construction a well geared up for production or injection. This mainly involves preparing the bottom of the hole to the required conditions, running the production tubing and associated downhole tools. Production from a multizone well can be obtained from a single tubing string as well as from dual tubing strings but it depends on pressure difference, depth and fluid present in the formation. This paper is based on the optimum well completions design for a multizone well of the Tal block region which contains four reservoirs of different formations: Lockhart (limestone), Hangu and Lumshiwal (sandstone), Samanasuk (limestone) & Datta (sandstone) having pressures of 7432psia, 7563psia, 7843psia, and 7982psia respectively. The well is producing four zones (multilayer well) and the generated numerical model for each completion (single string multizone completion and dual string multizone completion) shows better performance and economic feasibility.
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