Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an excess cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, related to systemic inflammation with endothelial dysfunction (ED) and impaired flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). We assessed the FMD response to anti-TNF-a treatments in 28 RA patients, aged 49.8±15.3 years: an unpaired FMD was found in 66.7% of our cases and was restored after 6 weeks of anti-TNF-a treatment (13.5±5.3% vs 4.6±4.1 %, p < 0.05). Twenty-five percent of the infliximab patients demonstrated a long term response, compared with 60% of etanercept and 100% of adalimumab patients, after 2 years (p