Proses pertukaran CO2  yang terjadi antara permukaan air laut dengan atmosfer merupakan aspek yang penting terhadap siklus karbon di samudera. Wilayah pesisir memiliki kontribusi besar dalam proses ini, karena kompleksnya interaksi yang terjadi antara atmosfer, daratan dan lautan. Proses penting dalam dinamika gas CO2 antara atmosfer dan air laut diawali dengan fungsi daya larut CO2 dan kecepatan transfer gas CO2 di permukaan laut atau disebut fluks CO2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena fluks CO2  antara permukaan air laut dengan atmosfer di pesisir timur Pulau Bintan beserta komponen sink dan source-nya, serta mengetahui parameter yang paling dominan terhadap proses tersebut, meliputi parameter fisika-kimia oseanografi, serta parameter sistem CO2 pada kurun waktu 16-18 Maret 2013. Permodelan OCMIP digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi nilai pCO2 air laut dalam penentuan nilai fluks CO2. Hasil analisis menunjukkan secara kesuluruhan perairan pesisir timur Pulau Bintan berperan sebagai penyerap CO2 (sink) dengan  rata-rata  emisi  CO2   dari  atmosfer  yang  masuk  ke  wilayah  permukaan  laut  sebesar  -0,43mmolC/m2/hari.  Analisis  statistik  Principal  Component  Analysis  (PCA)  menunjukkan  parameter  yangdominan terhadap perubahan nilai fluks CO2 adalah salinitas, konsentrasi Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), pCO2 air laut, serta nilai selisih tekanan parsial CO2 antara air laut dengan atmosfer (ΔpCO2). Kondisi fluks CO2  di pesisir timur Pulau Bintan lebih dipengaruhi oleh variasi musim dan dinamika oseanografi perairan Natuna serta Laut Cina Selatan dibandingkan dengan pengaruh dari daratan.

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Bycatch is the catch of non-target fish, including what is brought to port which are not is main target of retain and what is discarded at fishing area. Sirib (a type of push net) and bubu (trap) are fishing gear to catch glass eel in the five rivers (both upriver and estuary) from Sukabumi, West Java. The research was conducted in July 2019 to January 2020. The aimed of this study to analyze the catch composition of glass eel from Cimandiri River. Result of the study shows that the catch composition from Cimandiri River consist of 8–9 species. However, catch composition of trap is lower than sirib/pushnet due to traps are more selective than sirib instead of the fishing location from the traps is in upriver.

Land changes around the Citarik and Citatih rivers will affect the water quality. These changes will affect eels’ life (Anguilla spp.) as fish that live in the area. This study aimed to determine water quality (physical and chemical) and the presence of eels (Anguilla spp.) in the Citarik and Citatih rivers in the Cimandiri watershed Sukabumi, West Java. This research was conducted from April to May 2021. Data collection was carried out in the upstream, middle, and downstream areas of the Citarik and Cicatih rivers. The results of this study show that the Ciratik river has a turbidity of 53.3-93.6 NTU, current 0.448-0.478 m/s, temperature 25.55-26.65 °C, TDS 0.002 0.041 mg/l. Eels caught amounted to 13 individuals of (Anguilla Marmorata); Cicatih river had a turbidity 84.4-264 NTU, current 0.142-0.814 m/s, temperature 26.76-29.05 °C, TDS 0.079-0.096 mg/l, and eels caught amounted to 12 individuals of (Anguilla Marmorata). Based on the results, environmental changes in the Citarik and Citatih rivers are still normal, as evidenced by the water quality that is still following the needs of the eels and the presence of eels.

Anguilla spp. is a catadromous fish species that have high export value in supporting the livelihood and food source for the local community in the Cimandiri Watershed, West Java, which is involved in the Indonesian Fisheries Management Area - Inland Waters (WPPNRI-PD) 432. However, pressure on habitat and watershed ecosystems is leading to degradation due to anthropogenic activities is inevitable. This study aimed to determine the composite index of the seven domains and the eel-fishery management status performance based on the EAFM approach in the Cimandiri watershed. The research was carried out from April 2021–February 2022, using a quantitative method focused on testing theory by measuring research variables with numbers and analyzing data based on the findings in each domain. The ex-situ and in-situ data were collected through direct measurements and in-depth interviews with respondents. Subsequently, the composite scores of domains were calculated using flag modeling (multi-criteria analysis). The results highly likely indicated that habitat and social are the lowest-performance domains and require more attention for improvements. In general, the status of the eel fishery management using the EAFM approach in the Cimandiri watershed is fairly good. However, integration of multi-sectoral collaboration is highly needed through the development of effective co-management by maximizing the roles of the community to be further involved in planning and implementing the management actions of the Cimandiri watershed in the form of participative, community-based, toward sustainable use of the resources. Kata kunci: Eel, Cimandiri Watershed, EAFM, Co-management