Using standardized success criteria and statistical methods that applied guidelines for survival analysis conclusions were drawn. Excellent results are achievable by all forms of urethroplasty, justifying a more liberal indication for urethral reconstruction.

Patients consider the outcome of surgery for urethral strictures differently than physicians. The outcome of urethroplasty should be assessed not only by objective, but also by subjective criteria. Patients need appropriate preoperative counseling. With realistic expectations most men are satisfied with surgery for urethral stricture.

Estrogene has a tonicising effect upon urethra musculature. There is also the same demonstrable influence of α-receptor stimulating drugs upon the urethra pressure profile. After preliminary treatment with estrogene, there is a considerably stronger tonicising effect of α-stimulating drugs than without such a treatment. So the combination of estrogene and α-stimulating drugs seems a useful addition to the conservative treatment of stress incontinence.

Patients consider the outcome of surgery for urethral strictures differently than physicians. The outcome of urethroplasty should be assessed not only by objective, but also by subjective criteria. Patients need appropriate preoperative counseling. With realistic expectations most men are satisfied with surgery for urethral stricture.

Long urethral strictures remain one of the hazards of modern urology. Reconstructive operations with scrotal skin suffer a high rate of recurrent stricture. To avoid complications, meshed split thickness skin graft or foreskin was used to construct a neourethra. In stage 1 split thickness skin graft is harvested and transplanted along the opened urethra. In stage 2 the neourethra is formed 8 to 12 weeks later. Since 1977 mesh graft urethroplasty has been performed in 96 patients using meshed foreskin (76) or split thickness skin grafts (23). In all but 1 patient excellent anatomical and functional results were achieved regardless of which type of graft was used. This technique was most useful in exceedingly long or problematic strictures, for example in spinal cord injury patients.