There have been given the results of the spectrophotometric examination of the dogs' and rats' venous and whole blood plasma taken in the process of the peritonitis progressing within the spectral interval 320 220 − = λ nm (for plasma) and 610 350 − = λ nm (for the whole blood). It has been defined that D-optical density values in the field of the longwaved maximum of plasma absorption intensity of the venous blood at 280 = λ nm depend upon the intensity of the inflammatory process and also upon the circumstances against the background of which it started to progress. It was found out that the dynamics of D-values changes for 540 = λ (or 570) nm in the process of the peritonitis progressing in case of the whole blood taken from a portal vein is a mirror symmetrical if to compare to the same dynamics for the blood from cava inferior. The defined conformities with regularities may have a diagnostic meaning. It was also found out that the biggest influence upon the dynamics of D-values at λ = 280nm of the venous blood plasma has the content of the circulating immune complexes, necrosis factor of α -tumors and interleukin -2, the changes of which explain for almost on 100% the distribution of the optical density parameters and what proves a possible immunologic explanation of its changes.

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Background. Actuality is determined by understudied fibrinolytic reactions in case of diabetes mellitus (DM) with acute peritonitis (AP) which is to be found in practice more frequent. The purpose of the study was to investigate the features of fibrinolytic activity in AP developed on the background of DM. Materials and methods. 100 albino outbred rats. AP was simulated through the esophageal perforation of the stomach. DM was modeled by the 1.6% alloxan solution injection. During the study, total (TFA), non-enzymatic (NFA) and enzymatic fibrinolytic activi ty (EFA) of the blood plasma was studied. The animals were divided into such groups: 1-intact animals with AP models; 2-animals with models of AP and underlying DM. Results. The activity of fibrinolysis in animals with DM models was higher than that of intact animals. Six hours after the AP have been induced, the fibrinolytic activity increased. There was a less augmentation in group 1. TFA, NFA and EFA in group 2 sharply increased and prevailed significantly in 12 hours. EFA significantly increased in group 1. NFA/EFA ratio was decreasing in both groups. TFA in group 1 slightly increased in 24 hours. All of the indicators in group 2 increased significantly. While the ratio of NFA/EFA in group 1 was increasing, in group 2 it was decreasing. TFA and NFA/EFA ratio in group 1 remained more or less constant in 48 hours. The parameters of TFA, NFA and EFA statistically significantly predominated in group 2, and EFA continued to grow. Conclusions. The increase in the fibrinolytic activity of the blood plasma with the fermentation mechanisms predomination have been found in experimental diabetes mellitus. The activation of fibrinolysis with balance maintenance between its links within 24 hours has been observed in case of experimental acute peritonitis. In 6 hours, the development of acute peritonitis in animals with simulated diabetes mellitus differs substantially in terms of its quantitative characteristics of the fibrinolytic activity of the blood plasma, which is shown by its excessive increase, development of imbalance between the links of fibrinolysis, uncontrolled increase in the activity of fermentation mechanisms with disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome in 24 hours. The basis for the differences that have been detected are the changes in the functional activity of the fibrinolytic system caused by diabetes mellitus influence that, in addition to changes in the hemostasis system, provide the grounds for disorders of mechanisms of activation, migration and interaction of effector cells, processes of proliferation, etc.

The results of retrospective analysis of treatment outcome of 169 patients with acute surgical pathology of abdominal organs complicated by various forms of peritonitis, 79 of whom developed postoperative complications, are presented. The dependence of occurrence and severity of complications on the nature of the underlying disease, clinical manifestations of peritonitis before surgery, anthropometric data research, laboratory methods, Mannheim peritonitis index parameters, comorbidity class, age were studied, using the analysis of variance. As a result, a scale according to which the prediction of complications is conducted in two stages, was developed. Before the surgery, we estimate the previous risk according to the nature of the underlying disease, clinical manifestations of peritonitis, comorbidity class. According to identified changes, the final estimation due to the nature of the underlying disease, Mannheim peritonitis index parameters, comorbidity class, stab neutrophil leukocytes number, use of programmed peritoneal cavity sanations is being made during the operation. These indicators provided a certain number of points. Due to these points, patients were referred to several groups: normal group (less than 18), increased (18-25), medium (26-34) and high (more than 35) the risk of complications. This distinction makes it possible to apply the necessary preventive measures at all stages of treatment, since preoperative preparation.