To determine the presence of rabies virus in the parotid salivary glands, 12 road-killed rabies-positive hoary foxes (Pseudoalopex vetulus) were tested by using the fluorescent antibody test (FAT) and mouse inoculation test (MIT). All 12 parotid salivary glands were positive for both tests, although in some cases several passages were required. The findings of this study support the importance of the hoary fox as rabies reservoir in the sem-iarid region of Paraíba State, Northeastern Brazil.
526Pesq. Vet. Bras. 29(7): 526-532, julho 2009 RESUMO.-A tuberculose é uma enfermidade infecciosa, de distribuição mundial, provocada por micobactérias patogênicas, que afeta o homem e diversas espécies de mamíferos. Visando determinar a prevalência da Tuberculose Caprina e identificar fatores de risco associados à infecção foram tuberculinizados, através do Teste Tuberculínico Comparado (TCC), 1.866 caprinos de diferentes raças e idades, oriundas de 84 propriedades localizadas na microrregião de Monteiro, Estado da Paraíba, Brasil. A interpretação do TCC foi aferida pelo cálculo da diferença obtida entre as cutimetrias correspondentes às respectivas tuberculinas, antes e 72 horas após a inoculação: negativa, quando PPD bovina for menor que a aviária ou maior em até 1,8mm; suspeita ou inconclusiva, reação à PPD bovina maior que a aviária entre 1,9 e 2,4mm; positiva, reação à PPD bovina maior ou igual a aviária em 2,5mm. Das cabras submetidas ao TCC, 0,47% (9/1866), reagiram positivamente (IC 95% = 0,23-0,94% Tuberculosis is an infectious disease of world wide distribution caused by pathogenic mycobacteria that affect humans and several mammals species. In order to determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in goats and to identify risk factors associated with infection, 1,866 goats of different breeds and ages from 84 herds in the microregion of Monteiro, State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil, were tuberculinized by the Comparative Cervical Test (CCT). Interpretation of the CCT was checked by calculation of the difference obtained between skin measures correspondent to respective tuberculins, before and 72 hours after inoculation: negative, when bovine PPD is smaller than avian PPD or larger in up to 1.8mm; suspicious or inconclusive, reaction to bovine PPD larger than avian PPD between 1.9 and 2.4mm; positive, reaction to bovine PPD larger than or equal to avian PPD in 2.5mm. From goats submitted to CCT, 0.47% (9/1866) reacted positively (95% CI = 0.23%-0.94%). The prevalence of positive herds to caprine tuberculosis was 10.71% (95% CI = 5.02-19.37%). When submitted to necropsy and histopathologic examination, a positive goat at tuberculin test presented tuberculosis-like lesions. The presence of Acid-Alcohol Resistant Bacilli (BAAR) was also detected by direct bacterioscopy; in relation to herd size, herds with larger number of animals (>25) with high incidence of the disease, and presence of the infection was evidenced in properties that raised cattle in association with goats and did not carry out tuberculin tests in cattle.INDEX TERMS: Caprine tuberculosis, prevalence, tuberculin test.
Os cães, bastante difundidos no semi-árido nordestino, estão expostos ao ataque de raposas, freqüentemente encontradas com raiva na região. Com o objetivo de verificar o comportamento biológico, patogenicidade e a susceptibilidade de cães jovens à infecção experimental com vírus rábico isolado de raposa, foram infectados cinco cães. Os animais foram inoculados no músculo masseter com a amostra R1 (V 915; GenBank AY962059) e mantidos no canil do HV do CSTR/ UFCG. Apenas um dos cães apresentou sintomatologia característica da raiva, com período de incubação de 99 dias e evolução clínica de cinco dias. Nas provas de IFD e ICC todos os tecidos do SNC e glândula parótida, tireóide e supra-renal foram positivos, e negativos para fígado, pulmão, coração, rim, baço, língua, esôfago e linfonodos. O diagnóstico morfológico à histopatologia constatou encefalite não supurativa, difusa discreta com corpúsculos de inclusão eosinofilicos intracitoplásmaticos nos neurônios de Purkinge. Após 180 dias de observação os animais foram eusacrificados e apresentaram IFD, ICC e Exame histolpatológico negativos. A amostra testada apresentou comportamento biológico compatível com o genotipo I dosLyssavirus, mostrando-se patogênica para cães.
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