Alcohol is widely consumed in the world. Excessive alcohol intake causes alterations in bone tissues. The objective of this paper is to review the effects of chronic alcohol use in bone microarchitecture and the mechanisms by which this abuse may decrease bone mineral density. Furthermore, in the second part of the review, it's related the different techniques to induce bone loss in rats by alcoholization.Objectives: The aim of this paper is to review in the recent literature the negative effects of chronic alcohol intake in bone health and the mechanisms responsible for that. It's also review the different techniques available for experimental alcohol-induced osteopenia in rodents. Methods:Pubmed database was systematically searched to obtain all the eligible papers, published in English language, covering the period between 1997 and 2014. The literature search combined several key words including: bone, alcoholism, cortical bone, ethanol, bone density, rat and animal models.Results: A total of thirty-eight articles were selected in Pubmed database, considering the key words aforementioned. In the review, it is included twentynine articles published in English, in the period between 1997 and 2014.