In the study investigating the effects of boron on thyroid hormones and some biochemical parameters in hypothyroid rats, 49 Wistar Albino male rats were divided into seven groups; (Control (C), Hypothyroidism (H), boron groups (B10, and B20), hypothyroid + boron groups (HB10 and HB20), and Treatment (T). Four groups (H, HB10, HB20, and T) were administered 10 mg/kg (B10 and HB10), 20 mg/kg (B20 and HB20) boron for 3 weeks, respectively after hypothyroidism was induced using Propycil® containing propylthiouracil (PTU). Thyroid hormone analyses and biochemical measurements were made from the serum and thyroid gland tissue was examined histopathologically. According to the findings, the fT3 level increased in the B10 group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). While AST, ALT, and ALP activities were found to be higher in the hypothyroid group than in the control group, AST and ALP activities in the HB10 and HB20 groups decreased to values close to the control group. Total cholesterol levels were found to be lower in boron‐given groups compared to control and hypothyroid groups (p < 0.05). Sodium iodide symporter (NIS) immunoreactivity was found to be high in hypothyroid rat groups. As a result, it was observed that the increased AST and ALP activities in rats decreased with boron administration. The serum hormone levels measured in the study are not sufficient to understand the effect of boron on the thyroid gland, and it was concluded that further studies at the molecular level are needed to understand the effects of boron on the thyroid gland.

No abstract

Endüstri gelişimine bağlı ortaya çıkan ve artarak devam eden ağır metal kirliliğinin süt ve süt ürünlerine bulaşması doğrudan ve dolaylı yollardan olabilmektedir. Bu çalışma, Afyonkarahisar ilinin bazı bölgelerinden toplanan manda sütlerinin kaynatılması ile elde edilen kaymak ve kaymakaltı sütlerinde olası ağır metal varlığının ICP-MS cihazı ile araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Afyonkarahisar ilinin beş farklı bölgesinden toplanan elli adet süt örneği 200 ml"lik cam kavanozlara alındı. Süt numunelerinin laboratuar ortamında beherler içinde kaynatılması ile kaymak ve kaymakaltı sütleri elde edildi. Yaş yakma yöntemiyle numuneler çözünürleştirildikten sonra ağır metal miktarları ICP-MS cihazıyla tayin edildi ve sonuçlar literatür bilgileriyle karşılaştırılarak değerlendirildi. Araştırmada kaymaktaki ortalama krom (Cr), mangan (Mn), demir (Fe), kobalt (Co), nikel (Ni), bakır (Cu), çinko (Zn), arsenik (As), selenyum (Se), molibden (Mo), gümüş (Ag), kadmiyum (Cd), baryum (Ba) ve kuşun (Pb) değerleri sırasıyla:

Cyclophosphamide (CP)—also known as cytophosphan—is an alkylating agent that has many side effects in humans and rats. Rats were divided into 5 different groups to evaluate the protective effect of escin (ES) obtained from the horse-chestnut plant (Aesculus hippocastanum) against acute damage induce by CP. Groups: control group, ethanol group, ES group (100 mg/kg body weight (bw) ES for 14 days by gastric gavage), ES + CP group (100 mg/kg bw ES for 14 days by gastric gavage and 75 mg/kg bw CP i.p. on 14th day), and CP group (75 mg/kg bw CP i.p. on 14th day). After the experiment was completed, blood and tissue samples (liver, kidney, heart, brain, lung, and testis) were taken from the rats under anesthesia. When the CP group was compared with the control group, an increase was observed in the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood and all tissues except the lung, but when it was given together with escin, there was a decrease except kidney and lung (P &lt; 0.05). Glutathione (GSH) level decreased in the blood and all tissues when CP was given, whereas an increase was observed in the heart, brain, and lung when given with escin (P &lt; 0.05). There was no statistical change in the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in all tissues. ES reduced CP-induced damage in all tissues except the kidney. As a result, it was determined that ES had a protective effect against CP-induced tissue damage in rats due to its antioxidant properties.