This current research investigates the impact of Autocratic and Democratic Leadership style on job satisfaction in private and public school. For this purpose a questionnaire was developed and validated. There were twenty three items in all. The items were based on five point scale ( from almost always to almost never).The data were collected from two hundred and five (205) teachers of both public and private schools (one hundred and five public school teachers and one hundred private school teachers). For statistical analysis Mean, Standard Deviation, T-Test, ANOVA, Co relation and Regression Analysis were used. It was found that Leadership style has a positive impact on job satisfaction and public teachers have high level of job satisfaction rather than private teachers.
The research investigates the causality relationship between FDI, Trade Economic growth in Pakistan. Using quarterly time series data from 1998 to 2009, this paper examines the causality relationship between foreign direct investment, international trade and economic growth in Pakistan. In VAR model, the integration and Cointergration analysis suggested that there is a long run relationship among the factors. The results of VECM causality test find bidirectional causality between foreign direct investment, export and economic growth, with are two important factors that enhance the affect of economic growth in Pakistan. Foreign Direct Investment has positive impact on the trade growth in Pakistan. It was revealed that government should play a positive role in proving security to the investors around the globe. It was further revealed that FDI should invest in various parts of Baluchistan as well as rural part of Sindh province.
This research investigates the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction among University teachers in Pakistan. Data were collected from 400 respondents from cross sectional method from all four provinces by using simple random technique. The determinants of job stress that have been examined under this study include, management role, relationship with others, workload pressure, homework interface, role ambiguity, and performance pressure. The sample consists of public universities in Pakistan. The results show there is a significant relationship between four of the constructs tested. The results also show that there is significant negative relationship between job stress and job satisfaction. It was revealed that 70 percent of the faulty members are not satisfied from their salaries. Job stress has negative impact on their health.
The aim of this study is to investigate the main causes of stress for employees working in different industries in Sukkur and their vicinity. Stress is taken as dependent variable whereas independent variables are categorized into extra-organizational and intra-organizational stressors. Data were collected from different sectors such service, manufacturing and distribution including banks, insurance companies, manufacturing (LU Continental Biscuit Factory Sukkur and Engro Foods) and distribution (Medicine distribution firms). Data were collected through self-administrative questionnaire consisting of 20 questions. Respondents were only the employees working at operational level. From the results it was quite clear that employees working in different areas feel great stress, there were different causes due to which employee experience stress. Findings have been classified into extra-organizational and intra-organizational stressors. Extra-organizational stressors include variables such as climate, economic conditions and employee family, whereas intra-organizational stressors include variables such as company policies, working conditions, and leadership, workload and office timings. According to results 33% of overall stress is caused by factors outside organization whereas 67% stress is due to internal factors. It was also found that major cause of stress is workload (25%) because employees are been utilized more than their capabilities, second major cause for stress is timings (16%) as employees work for long hours, next cause for stress is climate (11%) as employees especially from distribution side have to go outside offices to meet their clients and customers so hot weather, traveling distances and transportation system really give them tough time which result in stress. Next stressor is leadership as leader-employee relationship is needed to be very good but according to some employees their bosses do not behave well due to which they feel stressed. Other causes include economic, family, company policies and working conditions with percentage of 11%, 8%, 7% and 7% respectively.
This research investigates the textile industry clusters in Pakistan. A cross sectional data were collected from 30 textile industries by using simple random technique and data were analysis by using E-Views software. Structural questionnaire was the basic tool for measures the performance of textile clusters in Pakistan. It was revealed that the industry is in urgent need of financial and technological investments. However, according to recent official figures, the Pakistan textile industry contributes more than 60% to the country's total exports, which amounts to around 5.2 billion US dollars. The manufacturing sector contributes to around half of the total exports and textile sector contributes around 46% of the manufacturing sector's contribution. The negative growth of 2.6 % declining from $ 16.4 billion last year to $ 16.0 billion in July-April 2008-09. Ministry of Textile Industry should launch and endorse the development of cluster-based textiles vision. It further revealed that Government should emphasis on increase Efficiency and Productivity with the help of research and development department and identifies key areas for process.
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