Wound healing entails a sequence of complex biological processes, which is a protective function of the body that focuses on a quick recovery. Reducing wound healing time is crucial in a wound as it lowers the chance of infection and decreases complications and costs. Papaya extract was obtained by a maceration method. It contains papain enzyme, flavonoid, saponin, and alkaloid, which act as an anti-inflammatory, astringent substance, vasodilator, antioxidant, analgesic, with antifungal, and antibacterial properties, and increase the collagen synthesis. This study aimed to assess the effect of Carica papaya extract application toward incised wound healing process in mice (Mus musculus) clinically and histologically. This experimental laboratory study was performed using 24 mice weighing between 30 and 40 grams and 12 and 14 weeks of age as experimental animals. Each group was incised along 5 mm at the labial gingiva under both of mandible anterior teeth with a depth reaching alveolar bone. Papaya extract was applied topically in the morning and evening for 14 days. The clinical result was obtained by assessing the length of wound closure measured every day for 14 days. Based on the statistic test result, it showed that the papaya extract has a significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) toward the healing process of an incised oral wound in mice. Histologically at day 14, 75% concentration papaya extract showed perfect epithelial layer and fibrillation.

The COVID-19 novelty has affected our lives in various aspects and it has spread with alarming speed, infecting millions, and bringing economic activities to a near standstill. COVID-19 pandemic is not just a health crisis, but it is also affecting societies and economies at their core. Small businesses tend to be vulnerable during the economic crisis, in part because they have fewer resources with which to adapt to a changing context. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Dewantara Aceh Indonesia, focusing on three questions. Firstly, how did the coronavirus affect the activities of economic societies? Secondly, how did small businesses adjust to the economic disruptions resulting from COVID-19? Thirdly, what were the estimated first-stage losses that were caused by the COVID-19 pandemic? The data were collected in a time scale of five months from April to August 2020. This research was conducted through a qualitative method with primary data collection techniques including socio-economic surveys, participant observations, and interviews. Meanwhile, the research data were completed with a comprehensive secondary literature review that has a correlation to the research topic. The result of this study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic caused income of MSMEs decreased due to lack of costumers and instability of economic activities. In order to survive, the MSMEs entrepreneurs used online marketing strategies (Instagram and Facebook) and provided free delivery system. For the last five months, the MSMEs did not experience any losses due to COVID-19 because they adjusted the selling products based on market demands so that expenses can be proportional to their income.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak dan rebusan sarang semut (Myrmecodia sp.) terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli. Sarang semut lokal yang diperoleh dari Pasar Lambaro Aceh Besar diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah isolat Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas ekstrak etanol sarang semut dengan konsentrasi 25 dan 50%, rebusan sarang semut, kontrol positif yang diberi ciprofloksasin 5 µg, dan kontrol negatif yang diberi etanol 96% yang digunakan sebagai pelarut ekstrak. Uji antibakteri ekstrak dan rebusan sarang dilakukan mengunakan metode Kirby Bauer, dengan jumlah bakteri yang disesuaikan dengan standar kekeruhan Mc Farland 3. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol sarang semut dan rebusan sarang semut mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli. Rata-rata zona hambat ekstrak etanol sarang semut 25%, 50%, rebusan sarang semut, kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif secara berturut-turut adalah 10,3; 11,5; 6,67 ; 0; dan 26,3 mm. Ekstrak etanol sarang semut memiliki zona hambat yang lebih luas dibandingkan dengan rebusan dan semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak semakin luas zona hambat yang terbentuk

Utilization of cocoa bean to be a derivative products in industrial is wide enough, that it is necessary to determine the priority of the processed products development. This study aimed to determine the prospective processed cocoa products with a system approach using Bayes method and assessed the potential of added value by using Hayami method. Based on several assessment criteria indicated that chocolate bar is the priority product that needs to be developed and followed by several other processed products. This development was able to produce the added value of Rp 135.000 per kg of cocoa beans. Result indicated that by processing the cocoa beans into chocolate bar could provide a considerable income for the businessman.

Perkembangan Masa anak usia murahiqah merupakan sebuah periode dalam kehidupan manusia yang batasan usia seringkali tidak terlalu jelas dalam pertumbuhan fisiknya. Masa murahiqah ini sering dianggap sebagai masa peralihan, anak yang meranjak usia murahiqah tidak mau lagi diperlakukan sebagai anak-anak, tetapi dilihat dari pertumbuhan fisiknya ia belum dapat dikatakan orang dewasa. Anak usia murahiqah perlu dijaga dan dilindungi dalam masa pertumbuhan dengan cara membimbing agar anak usia murahiqah terjaga terhadap nilai-nilai negatif.