Deixis is a significant component of pragmatic study and one of its types is person deixis which plays a crucial role in people's communication. Person deixis is the reference of a person. Flexible use of person deixis can facilitate interpersonal relationships so as to achieve the goal of communication. Live-streaming advertisers' discursive practices are investigated from the perspective of person deixis in this paper to examine how the anchor uses the various discourse practices to attract consumers and motivate the purchase desire to buy with the way of qualitative analysis. Findings indicate that the discursive practices of first person deixis help construct the unique characteristics of live-streaming anchors and shorten the social distance between the anchors and the audiences; the discursive practices of the second person deixis is a labor-saving way to refer to every audience and make them have the sense of involvement so as to boost sales; the discursive practices of the third person deixis help anchors modify their commodities as well as lead customers' attention. Theoretically, this paper is an empirical endeavour towards the analysis of person deixis and practically, it reveals the pragmatic realization of person deixis in virtual sales activities so as to be possibly applicable.

<p><em>The analysis in this study, using a data set consisting of 20 teacher-student meetings in two settings of formal classroom sessions and once-a-week tutorials, examines how ESL teachers in China construct their identities, by considering the use of person-referencing practices, speech acts, language selection and language styles. The results of the analysis are discussed with reference to the construction of different types of ESL teacher identities in these two settings.</em></p>

The analysis in this paper examines how the salesmen construct their identities through the

With the characteristics of the nonmonotonic logic and defeasible inference, abductive reasoning has been formalized in the field of artificial intelligence, dealing with the local pragmatics (e.g., the resolution of coreference, resolving syntactic and lexical ambiguity and interpreting metonymy and metaphor), recognizing discourse structure and even the speaker’s plan and other issues for natural language understanding. However, Hobbs’ analysis of abduction in recognizing the speaker’s plan was conducted only from the point of view of the verbal information processing that the listener does. To demonstrate the collaborative way that conversational partners working together to understand the logic of human acts and their intentions, this article analyzes the two conversations about the parents questioning their children’s intention for their acts with an abductive reasoning method. The results show that children and parents co-construct segments of discourse with coherence relations across several conversational turns, by that way they build together a simplified framework for understanding the logic of human acts and their intention. For example, when the father and his children co-constructed coherent segments of discourse with the result relation between them, they completed the particular intention understanding at the same time. This research helps in enriching the logic structure of artificial intelligence applications such as visual question answering models and enhancing their reasoning abilities.

Although numerous researches have been conducted to probe into the anti-preemptive usages of person deixis, few researches have been carried out on that of cyber languages. Therefore, this paper mainly investigates the anti-preemptive usages of person deixis in cyber language, collects the linguistic data of buyers and sellers on Taobao and the discursive practices posted on Weibo, and analyses the pragmatic functions of the anti-preemptive usages of person deixis with relevant pragmatic theories. The study applies the egocentricity of deixis as theoretical framework and makes a comprehensive analysis of the data, aiming to provide a new perspective for the study of deixis. The study yields four influencing factors of anti-preemptive usages of person deixis: lack of deictic context, pragmatic intention of the speaker, social factors and register factors. This paper bears both theoretical and practical values. Theoretically, it is an empirical attempt to the study on anti-preemptive usages of person deixis in the field of computer-mediated communication. From a practical point of view, the findings of the study are conductive to provide interlocutors with guidance on the use of person deixis whether in virtual context or real life communication.