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This paper firstly studies the quality and pricing competition between two supply chains providing two kinds of substitutable products with product quality and price dependent demand for an identical market, where each supply chain (Simply denoted as SC) consists of one manufacturer and one retailer. EPEC (Equilibrium Problems with Equilibrium Constrains) model, MPEC (Mathematical Programs with Equilibrium Constrains) model and Nash equilibrium model are set up by using game theory and equilibrium analysis method, which respectively characterize the competition equilibrium between two centralized SCs, two decentralized SCs, one centralized SC and one decentralized SC. Secondly, a profitsharing contract is put forward to coordinate one decentralized SC to be centralized SC under SC vs. SC competition. Finally, numerical examples show the correctness of the models and the validity of the contract. It shows that coordination is a dominant strategy, and consumer are the beneficiaries who can obtain more consumer welfare since SC coordination leads lower retail prices and more supply quantities.Index Terms -Supply chain competition, supply chain coordination, product quality and price dependent demand, profitsharing contract

In recent years, the international shipping market has generally recovered, and the general trend of the shipping market is better，But the BDI index is still low. The development of international shipping market still faces some challenges. In this paper, theoretical research, mathematical analysis and statistical knowledge are used to calculate the correlation between the influencing factors of BDI index and BDI, and their correlation is analyzed. Two economic factors which have great influence on BDI were found out. This is of great significance to help the shipping industry avoid risks and make timely coping strategies, reduce economic losses, and forecast the future shipping market.

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Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of digestive cancers, is a common complication of chronic liver disease (CLD). Currently, HCC is often diagnosed by radiological examination. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in a vital mammalian DNA epigenetic modification that is found in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and carries tumor-specific epigenetic information. It may also serve as a potential cancer biomarker for HCC diagnosis. Our study aimed to establish a statistical diagnostic model for diagnosing the risk of HCC in individual patients with CLD according objective tests, especially serological tumor markers. Methods:Based on the 5hmC-seal technique, the genome-wide-5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and gene body 5hmC content in cfDNA samples from 96 patients were analyzed. Patients were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University; 64 patients had HCC and 32 patients had CLD. Peripheral blood samples were prospectively collected, followed by blood preparation and cfDNA extraction. Independent risk factors associated with HCC were identified by logistic regression, and a diagnostic model was developed and evaluated based on sensitivity, specificity, and correct diagnostic results. Results:The final model revealed sex, age, 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and afetoprotein (AFP) as diagnostic indicators in a “discovery” data set. A novel statistical model was formed using the formula: Z = -18.160 + 0.081*age + 1.867*sex + 1.066*(logAFP) + 1.964*(log5hmC), which had an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.973. With 0.7636 as the cutoff point, the model had an estimated sensitivity of 0.891 and a specificity of 0.969. The novel model provides a reliable and stable capacity to predict HCC in patients with CLD. Conclusions: The study findings provide an objective blood serum marker-based model that could enhance the diagnostic efficiency of HCC and form a basis for the early detection of surgically resectable liver cancers in high-risk individuals.