ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to translate and verify the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the self-care scale for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery.MethodsA total of 502 older adult/adults patients after hip fracture surgery were recruited from Liaoning, Shanxi, and Beijing, China. The reliability of the Chinese version of the scale was measured by internal consistency, split-half reliability, and retest reliability, and the validity was evaluated by the content validity index and structure validity index.ResultsThe Chinese version of the HFS-SC scale had a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.848, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the five dimensions ranged from 0.719 to 0.780. The split-half reliability of the scale was 0.739, and the retest reliability was 0.759. The content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.932. The five-factor structure, supported by the eigenvalues, total variance explained, and the scree plot accounted for 66.666% of the total variance. In confirmatory factor analysis, the model fit results were as follows, X2/df = 1.847, GFI = 0.914, AGFI = 0.878, PGFI = 0.640, IFI = 0.932, TLI = 0.912, CFI = 0.931, RMSEA = 0.058, PNFI = 0.679. The indicators of the model's fit were within reasonable bounds.ConclusionThe Chinese version of the self-care scale for older adults undergoing hip fracture surgery has suitable reliability and validity. The scale can be used to assess the level of older adult/adults self-care in China following hip replacement surgery and serves as a useful benchmark for identifying potential intervention targets to raise the level of older adult/adults self-care following hip replacement surgery.