Background: Tobacco use is risk factor causes of preventable death in the world. Oral health professions provide multiple opportunities for interventions throughout their careers that could lessen tobacco correlated diseases. Three factors knowledge, attitudes and behaviour are thought to play a starring role in determining the extent of tobacco use between patients and help dental clinicians to implement smoking cessation policy. Present study aimed to determine dental student's level of knowledge, awareness and practice regarding tobacco use and students/ dentists' role in tobacco cessation. Subjects and methods; A total of 160 students were recruited from Faculty of Dentistry, Omer-Almokhter university, and surveyed using an anonymous self administered questionnaire. This questionnaire was based on intensive literature review. Cross-section study design was applied using a structured questionnaire which included data related to personal characteristics and assessment of KAP of participants.Results: one hundred eight students responded with (82.4%) were females and 17.6 % were males. That majority of responding students had high level of knowledge attainment on tobacco with the exception of knowledge about smokeless tobacco which was inadequate. Although, most students (92.6%) agreed that dentist has an important role in tobacco control and training regarding tobacco effects is sufficient to allow them to help their patients to quit smoking, only 56.6% give advices to their patients. The prevalence of smokers among students was low (4%). Recommendation Education about tobacco effects necessity involved in the curriculum from first year. Students should be given training about smoking cessation and counselling techniques and must be motivated to play their role in patients' education regarding smoking.

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants are susceptible to infection by Sclerotium rolfsii, causing damping-off of nursery seedlings as well as crown rot in adult plants. Effect of onion and garlic extracts, neem oil, salicylic, ascorbic, citric acids and hydrogen peroxide and some bioagents such as Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Trichoderma harzianum on the linear growth of the pathogen was studied. Neem oil, salicylic acid and P. fluorescens came in the first rank and recorded the best values of reducing disease incidence and severity followed by B. subtilis furthermore, decreasing the linear growth of Sclerotium rolfsii. Onion extract, citric and ascorbic acids recorded the lowest values in this respect.

Background: Kidney impairment, even if just slightly, would affect the thyroid gland, creating numerous derangements in its function, and this renders dialysis cases more exposed to thyroid problems, with a consequent rise in death rate and morbidities. Aim of the study: We aimed to investigate thyroid abnormalities among Egyptian cases with end stage renal diseases (ESRD) on regular haemodialysis (HD).

No abstract

No abstract