This article presents a T-Shaped Tri-Band (TSTB) antenna based on the Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA) for satellite applications. Tri-band characteristics are achieved by exciting two orthogonal radiating modes for the L5-band and L1-bands, and one higher order radiating mode for the S-band. Initially, cavity model theory is applied to a rectangular antenna to calculate orthogonal modes (T M z 010 & T M z 001 ) at L5-band and S-bands, and these modes are validated using the CMA method. With the help of surface current study and modification of a rectangular antenna, the one higher order radiating mode and orthogonal modes are excited by using the CMA method. All desirable radiating modes are excited by a single coaxial feed line in full-wave simulation, which is based on FIT (Finite Integration Technique). The proposed antenna's measured operating frequencies are 1575 MHz (L1-band) for GPS (Global Positioning System) system, 1174 MHz (L5-band), and 2495 MHz (S-band) for IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System

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In this paper, a circular polarized patch antenna at NaviC and S-band is presented for Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) receiver applications. For this application proposed antenna is satisfying the criteria of circular polarisation with a bandwidth of 2477 MHz to 2508 MHz. The shape of proposed antenna exhibits good gain which is required for the good operation of communication systems for IRNSS. Antenna is operating at frequency of 2492.08 MHz (S-band) with a return loss better than -15 dB and has the stable radiation pattern. For designing of this antenna a conducting patch of 27.5 mm x 27.5 mm and a FR-4 material with thickness of 1.6 mm and dielectric constant of 4.3 is used as a substrate material. In addition to this, the antenna is fed with a coaxial feed technique and matched with 50 Ω input impedance of antenna. The parameters like radiation pattern, VSWR, E field, gain and axial ratio are analysed and achieved by CST studio Suite.