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Activity level and poor health were identified as correlates of depression as well as combined memory loss and depression. Future studies should aim to improve screening for depression among post-MI patients and develop appropriate interventions to raise the level of activity.

Objectives: Nasal septal deviation is a common health issue that can significantly impact the quality of life. Although nasal septoplasty is commonly performed in Otolaryngology practice, its effectiveness has been questioned. This was the first study to assess disease-specific quality of life in patients undergoing nasal septoplasty with or without turbinoplasty in Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a prospective observational study of patients undergoing nasal septoplasty with or without turbinoplasty for nasal obstruction due to septal deviation with or without inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores were collected preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively and were compared with controls. Results: This study involved 200 subjects, including 40 patients in the case group and 160 individuals in the control group. The mean preoperative and 3-month postoperative NOSE scores of the case group were (58.4±23.7 and 15.0±18.6, P <0.001), respectively. However, the postoperatively NOSE score did not reach NOSE score in control group (13.28±8.13, P =0.377). All nasal symptoms statistically and clinically improved postoperatively. There were no significant differences in NOSE score changes among cases preoperatively and postoperatively according to age, sex, or the presence of allergic rhinitis or asthma. Conclusions: Nasal septoplasty with or without turbinoplasty leads to improvements in disease-specific quality of life as assessed by NOSE scores and significantly improved nasal symptoms 3 months after surgery.

Inverted papilloma (IP) is considered a rare benign sinonasal lesion, which is usually presented in adults. The presentation of IP is usually a unilateral nasal obstruction. IPs in the pediatric age group are quite rare as only a few cases were reported. This review aims to increase the awareness of IP to consider this entity in the diagnosis of unilateral nasal obstruction in children. This study was a review of 10 articles which reported the occurrence of IPs in children. Data include age, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment which were extracted and analyzed. The total number of cases was 12. The mean age of all cases was 10.5 years. The majority were male (66%). The main presenting symptom of all cases was nasal obstruction along with other nasal symptoms. The majority of the patients were treated by surgical excision of the lesion. Most of the cases 6 (50%) used endoscopic sinus surgery, and 5 (41%) of them were managed by lateral rhinotomy with or without medial maxillectomy. Follow-up showed that 7 (58%) of the cases did not document any recurrence of the disease. The reoccurrence occurred in 5 (41%) of the cases within the 1st year after the management. IPs can arise in the pediatric age group and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unilateral nasal obstruction. It is diagnosed and treated likewise in adults.

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