No abstract

This research provides a Fuzzy-WRASTIC new model for water resource contamination risk assessment in a GIS (Geographic Information System) environment. First, this method setting in a multi-criteria evaluation framework (MCE) reviewed and mapped the sub criteria of every above-mentioned criterion. Then, related sub-layers were phased by the observance of GIS environment standards. In the next step, first the sub-layers were combined together, next the modeling of pollution risk status was done by utilizing a fuzzy overlay method and applying the OR, AND, SUM, PRODUCT and GAMMA operators by using WLC (Weighted Linear Combination) method and providing weights in the WRASTIC model. The results provide the best combination of modeling and the percentages of its risk categories of low, medium, high and very high, which are respectively 1.8, 14.07, 51.43 and 32.7. More areas have severe risk due to the unbalanced arrangement and compact of land uses around the compact surface water resources.

The national gas transmission Ahar -Duzduzan, transmit fresh gas in the West north of Iran. According to Iran's environmental regulation, construction and operation of pipelines is required EIA studies. Due to this linear project it is required to develop a particular EIA methodology on this kind of projects. Therefore at first we attempted to get a real knowledge about environmental endnotes of project with library and field studies. Along with reviewing the technical resources of the project, attempted to identify all of the construction and operation activities. Finally two methods of explanatory checklist and simplified matrix selected for EIA. In The construction phase 19 micro activities have evaluated in front of about 12 environmental factors (in the various environments). In the construction phase, activities such as; excavation, embankment and excavation show the greatest negative impact on the whole environment of area. And the most important activity with positive effects on the aforementioned factors is manpower recruitment. Also In the operation phase 15 micro activities have evaluated in front of about 15 environmental factors (in the various environments). In the Operation phase activities such as; grazing, vehicle traffic and wastewater production can have negative effects. Most positive impacts on environmental factors are revenue and welfare, employment levels, commerce and manning activities, immigration control and air quality. Most of the Operation phase effects are positive which involve; exploitation of gas or natural gas transportation and gas pipeline monitoring. According to the developed methodology it is necessary to use RS and GIS tools in the study current environment situation, routing environmental alternatives and make land use maps of transmission path. With regard to all issues presented in explanatory checklist of this project and also previous clauses from the standpoint of environmental compliance provisions there isn't any problem for implementation.

Environmental planning is a discipline in science. It considers the current situation and provides methods to achieve a suitable environment. Then, it could help decision-makers to protect natural resources and use them appropriately. The future generation need to live in this planet and we forgot this rule. The planet full of wastes and pollutions will not be habitable. All of the continents meet environmental issues and need to plan, manage, and educate people to understand the situation, protect their environment, work on clean air, and build their homes and workplace on a suitable site without dangerous implications for environment. Natural science is mixed with our everyday lives. We should train how to live and work. Could you mind live without oxygen? No, it is not possible. So, how could the future generation live without oxygen. It is too uncomfortable to live with a mask with no clean water to drink. We could not imagine this story for our lives. Could you? We suggest to join our research to help our planet live. The methods which could help to achieve a suitable environment is presented in this special issue.