BackgroundA number of researches indicate that domestic violence (DV) causes abuse and vulnerability of women and children. Two components that can decrease violence and divorce are self-concept and self-differentiation.ObjectivesIn this research, we compare self-differentiation and self-concept in divorced and non-divorced women that experience domestic violence.Materials and MethodsTo achieve the goal of the research, 80 divorced women with domestic violence were chosen through available sampling and equalized with 80 non divorced women with domestic violence in aspect of age and education. They respond to instrument of self-differentiation (Skowron) and self-concept (Rodgers). Data was analyzed between the two groups using independent t-test. The significant level was (P < 0.01).ResultsThe findings indicated divorced women have more self-differentiation and self-concept than non-divorced women. In addition, there is a significant difference with respect to self-differentiation and self-concept in divorced and non-divorced women with domestic violence.ConclusionsThese results emphasize that self-differentiation and self-concept can be considered in premarital education (therapeutic interventions) to protective conditions against the occurrence of DV.

This paper estimated the effect of season on milk yield and cost of milk production in Meghalaya, a state located in the North Eastern hill region of India. Primary data were collected from 300 randomly selected dairy farmers in three different seasons during 2013-14. It was found that a herd was composed of 2.27 crossbreds and 1.20 local milking cows in the study area. The net maintenance cost was highest in the month of winter in case of local cows (75) and in the month of rainy season in case of CBs (167) whereas, minimum in summer season for both local (68) and CB (151) cows. The net returns per litre of milk were negative for local cows whereas, it were positive for crossbreds; highest being in rainy season and lowest in the summer season. The amount of labour and green fodder have positive, but the stage of lactation has negative and significant effect on the milk yield across the seasons. The milk yield in rainy and winter season was significantly higher than the summer season. The ANCOVA model indicated significant effect of season on milk yield of in milk cows in the study area.

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