Although colonic biopsies have become a major source of information to the clinician investigating cases of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), there are still some difficulties in making definitive diagnoses. This article looks into these challenges and possible ways of dealing with them. We strongly recommend supplying the pathologist with full clinical, radiological and endoscopic information with the request form. The pathologist may then issue a preliminary working report, while the final report should be reached at the much needed regular clinicopathological conference.

Intussusception of the appendix is a rare condition. We present the case of a 72-year-old woman with multiple polyps in the colon with an appendix completely intussuscepted into a polyp within the caecum. The clinical features, preoperative diagnosis, classification and treatment of this condition are discussed with reference to literature.

Red blood cell (RBC) autoantibodies are a relatively uncommon cause of anemia. Nevertheless, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) should consider in the differential diagnosis of hemolytic anemia whenever patient has an accompanying lymphoproliferative disorder, autoimmune disease, viral or mycoplasma infection. AIHA is further categorized as warm AIHA, cold agglutinin syndrome, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, mixed-type and drug-induced AIHA. It is the characteristic of the autoantibodies which are accountable for various clinical entities. Diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and work up of AIHA. This review discusses epidemiology, causes, clinical presentation, and laboratory workup and treatment options available for AIHA.