Perkembangan teknologi di era industri 4.0 begitu pesat dan mempengaruhi kebiasaan masyarakat. Perubahan yang paling jelas terlihat adalah semakin banyaknya pelaku usaha yang memanfaatkan aplikasi perdagangan elektronik untuk menjalankan kegiatan usahanya, hal itu juga diikuti dengan minat konsumen yang semakin banyak bertransaksi dengan aplikasi tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi terjadinya praktik persaingan usaha tidak sehat pada penggunaan aplikasi perdagangan elektronik saat ini, mengingat Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1999 tentang Larangan Praktek Monopoli dan Persaingan Usaha Tidak Sehat lahir sebelum revolusi industri 4.0 terjadi. Melalui penelitian hukum normatif diketahui bahwa terdapat beberapa tindakan yang dilarang dan berpotensi terjadi dalam aplikasi perdagangan elektronik seperti oligopoli, penetapan harga, pemboikotan, oligopsoni dan perjanjian tertutup.

The issue of licensing agreements to improve the standard of living of people in Indonesia is very interesting to be studied in depth via intellectual discussions. Various problems should be taken as lessons for Indonesian people, for example: registration of the Toraja coffee trademark by the American businessmen, sambal uleg from Central Java and Gayo coffee by the Dutch and the song Sayang Sayange from Maluku and the legend of Garlic and Onion by Malaysia. The purpose of writing this article is to provide an explanation of the necessity to strengthen understanding of trademark law in the license agreement as an effort to improve the economic level of the Indonesian people. The problems focus on the government actions against the violations of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) and as well as the roles of the government and society to improve the economic level of society through strengthening trademark law in license agreements. The research was conducted by using a normative legal research. The result of the research described in this article is that the economic level of the community can be increased by conducting a franchise business, providing opportunities for the franchisor to exploit economic rights in order to multiply and get the maximum profit at a low cost because it is borne by the franchisee.Keywords: Trademark, License Agreement, Economic Strata

The gambling phenomenon has been happening for a long time. Development of science and technology causes new ways to commit crimes. One of the crimes that occur is online gambling. This can happen due to facilities and media that make it easier for people to access sites and applications that have elements of gambling. To eradicate this action, a provision that strictly prohibits the act with consequences for the violators is needed. The online gambling act not only violates Indonesia's laws, but it also violates the values and norms embraced by the community. Although it has been prohibited by Indonesian law, online gambling cases are still widely found in the community. To find out why, the sociology of law is needed to find out the relationship between law and society. Viewed from the sociology of law’s point of view, especially the effectiveness of the law according to Soerjono Soekanto, the law on conventional and online gambling are still not fully effective. This is because there are still inconsistencies between applicable laws and social values, lack of legal certainty, lack of supporting facilities for law enforcement, lack of awareness and knowledge of the law, and lack of community participation in law enforcement actions. The research method is non-doctrinal or empirical legal research method which is carried out with statute approach and sociological approach. This research aims to determine the sociology of law’s perspective on online gambling that occurs in society.

This study analyzes the challenges of Indonesian MSMEs under Law No. 20 of 2008 concerning Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the era of AEC 2015-2020 and the readiness of MSMEs under Law No.11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (the Omnibus Law) in facing the era of AEC 2025. It adopted a normative legal research and found that MSMEs faced many challenges in the AEC era under the MSMEs Law. However, the amendment of this Law by the Omnibus Law constitutes a better strategy to improve and develop the Indonesian MSMEs to be ready in facing the AEC 2025.

The need for employment in Indonesia continues to increase every year, so there is naturally a concern that there will be conditions where the need for employment is more than the available employment opportunities. Therefore, several actions have been taken by the executive and legislature to anticipate these conditions, one of which is by facilitating the establishment of a limited liability company which previously had to be established by 2 (two) or more people to only 1 (one) person with certain conditions regulated in Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. In practice, there are many internal disputes related to conflicts of interest in a limited liability company established by 2 (two) or more people, even though when it is founded by 2 (two) or more people, supervision of the management of a limited liability company will certainly be better than that of a limited liability company established. by 1 (one) person. This study discusses the potential for a conflict of interest in a limited liability company established by 1 (one) person who also serves as the only member of the Director in the company.Keywords: Limited Liability Company, Conflict of Interest, Job Creation.