Physical and technological principles of formation of clathrate structures for supramolecular electronics are given in this paper. It has been established that supramolecular nature of the "host-guest" conjunction, in general, and hierarchical architecture of the corresponding clathrates, in particular, provide realization of such an extraordinary effect as an optically or a magnetically controlled phenomenon of colossal "negative capacity" with a predicted frequency interval of manifestation, magnitude, and multiplicity. For the first time, the experimental confirmation of the behavior of the electretized fractal clathrate GaSe⟨β-CD⟨FeSO⟩⟩ as a dissipative element, which accumulates inductive energy, is demonstrated. A general approach for obtaining the generalized transport equations with fractional derivatives by using the Liouville equation with fractional derivatives for a system of classical particles and the Zubarev nonequilibrium statistical operator method within Renyi statistics is presented. New non-Markovian electrodiffusion equations for ions in a spatially heterogeneous medium with the fractal structure and a generalized Cattaneo-type diffusion equation taking into account the fractality of space-time are obtained. The model of subdiffusion impedance based on the Cattaneo equation with fractional derivatives is applied to multilayer nanostructures. Nyquist diagrams for different valuses of the parameter τ (delay time of a flow relative to a concentration gradient) and the subdiffusion coefficient D are calculated.

Nickel/carbon composites were synthesized by the carbonization method with the use of the steam-gas activation technique. Beet pulp and corn stems were used as initial raw materials for composites synthesis. The obtained substances were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and magnetic properties investigation. The presence of nickel in synthesized composites was estimated during analysis, and the average particle size of nickel was determined as well. The specific surface area of the obtained samples was measured by the technique of Methylene blue sorption from the aqueous solution. The results of the performed investigation demonstrate clearly the promising application of synthesized composites as magneto-active sorbents, which could be easily separated from water solutions.

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