BRANCO, J.O., FREITAS JÚ NIOR, F., CHRISTOFFERSEN, M.L. Bycatch fauna of seabob shrimp trawl fisheries from Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil.http://dx.doi. org/10.1590/1676-06032015014314Abstract: Marine communities in tropical regions contain a great diversity of species that play key roles in ecological processes. The observed bycatch fauna in artisanal fishing for the seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) in the southwest Atlantic exceeds the quantity of commercial shrimp captured. This bycatch has not been previously inventoried extensively in Brazil, particularly in the State of Santa Catarina, where small-scale shrimp fisheries is a traditional activity and dominates the local fishing economy. Six municipalities were sampled three times a month, from 1996 to 2011, yielding 216 species belonging to the bycatch (7 cnidarians, 22 mollusks, 42 crustaceans, 11 echinoderms, and 134 fishes). Bycatch management is a pressing aspect of shrimp fisheries. By inventorying the accidental bycatch, we provide a preliminary step towards defining intervention measures to reduce or make better use of this bycatch in seabob artisanal fisheries. Conservation of marine biodiversity is still inadequate in Brazil. We have attempted to identify additional threats to vulnerable and endangered species resulting from shrimp trawling. Keywords: bycatch fauna, marine diversity, southwest Atlantic, threatened species, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri. BRANCO, J.O., FREITAS JÚ NIOR, F., CHRISTOFFERSEN, M.L. Fauna acompanhante em pescas de arrastro do camarão sete-barbas em Santa Catarina, Brasil.http:// dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-06032015014314Resumo: Comunidades marinhas em regiõ es tropicais contêm uma grande diversidade de espécies que desempenham papéis-chave em processos ecoló gicos. A fauna acompanhante em pescas artesanais do camarã o sete-barbas Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) no Atlâ ntico Sudoeste excede a quantidade de camarõ es comerciais desta espécie capturados. Esta fauna acompanhante nã o foi catalogada de forma detalhada no Brasil, particularmente no Estado de Santa Catarina, onde a pescaria em pequena escala é uma atividade tradicional que domina a economia pesqueira local. Seis municípios foram amostrados três vezes por mês, de 1996 a 2011, capturando 216 espécies pertencentes à fauna acompanhante (7 cnidá rios, 22 moluscos, 42 crustá ceos, 11 equinodermos e 134 peixes). O manejo da fauna acompanhante constitui um aspecto urgente nas pescarias de camarõ es. Ao listar a fauna acompanhante acidental, uma etapa preliminar é executada para a definic¸ã o de medidas de intervenc¸ã o, fazendo melhor uso desta fauna acompanhante na pesca artesanal de camarõ es. A conservac¸ã o da biodiversidade marinha ainda é inadequada no Brasil. Apresentamos uma tentativa de identificar ameac¸as adicionais às espécies vulnerá veis e em risco de extinc¸ã o como resultado das pescas de arrastro. Palavras-chave: fauna acompanhante, diversidade marinha, Atlântico Sudoeste, espécies ameac¸adas, Xiphopenaeus kroyeri.

bycatch of sea-bob shrimp (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) fishing in the town of Porto Belo, SC, Brazil. Biota Neotrop. 13(1): http://www.biotaneotropica.org.br/v13n1/en/abstract?inventory+bn00313012013Abstract: The activity of artisanal fishing for the sea-bob shrimp, using the method of motorized dragnet with rings, has been practised on the Santa Catarina coast, where it generates jobs and income, and helps keep the traditional Azorean cultural tradition alive, since 1960. With the aim of analyzing the quality and quantity of the ichthyofauna bycatch, two trawls were carried out per isobath (10-20-30 m), seasonally, between November 2009 and August 2010 (i.e. summer, spring and winter), for 20 minutes each, at an average speed of two knots, and the bottom water temperatures and salinities recorded. The captures totalled 10868 fish (208.34 kg), distributed among 31 families and 62 species, with a fish/shrimp ratio of 5.19/1 kg. The most abundant family was Sciaenidae (86.13%), followed by Batrachoididae (2.70%) and Trichiuridae (2.44%). The diversity and evenness indices presented similar patterns of variation, the highest values occurring in spring at 30 m and the lowest in winter at 20 m. Cluster analysis led to the creation of four groups; one of them small and dominated by the Sciaenidae Stellifer brasiliensis, S. rastrifer, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Isopisthus parvipinnis and Larimus breviceps. The young of this and other species, which are of little or no commercial value, along with tiny shrimps and other macroinvertebrates that enter the dragnets, are thrown back into the sea, usually dead. Besides the negative impact on the food chain, this continued practice could exacerbate the situation of artisanal fishermen even further, with the gradual, future decline of these resources. Resumo: A pesca artesanal dirigida ao camarão sete-barbas (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri), usando o método de arrasto motorizado com portas, tem sido praticada na costa de Santa Catarina, onde ele gera emprego e renda, e ajuda a manter a tradição cultural tradicional açoriana viva, desde 1960. Com o objectivo de analisar a qualidade e a quantidade das capturas acidentais da ictiofauna, efetuou-se sazonalmente, dois arrastos por isóbata (10-20-30 m) entre novembro/2009 e agosto/2010, duração de 20 min/cada, velocidade média dois nós e, registrados temperaturas e salinidades da água de fundo. As capturas totalizaram 10868 peixe (208.34 kg), distribuídos em 31 famílias e 62 espécies, com uma proporção de peixe/camarão de 5,19/1 kg. A família mais abundante foi Sciaenidae (86.13%), seguido por Batrachoididae (2.70%) e Trichiuridae (2,44%). Os índices de diversidade e equabilidade apresentaram padrões similares de variação, os maiores valores ocorreram na Primavera na profundidade de 30 m e a mais baixa no inverno, a 20 m. A análise de Cluster formou quatro agrupamentos, sendo um deles, pequeno e dominante de Sciaenidae Stellifer brasiliensis, S. rastrifer, Paralonchurus brasiliensis, Isopisthus parvipinnis e Larimus breviceps. Os exemplares jovens...

, the physiographic characteristics of the ichthyofauna of the estuary of Saco da Fazenda were studied in four defined areas representative of the estuary. A total of 4502 individuals were captured, with 42 species, 35 genera, and 21 families. Engraulidae were the most abundant fish, and Cetengraulis edentulus dominated the captures. The species of occasional occurrence prevailed in the samplings and were represented mainly by juvenile individuals. The highest abundances occurred during the months of summer and autumn, in contrast with high biomasses in the spring and autumn; area IV contributed the largest captures. The richness indexes, diversity, and equitability presented similar flotation patterns, with high values in spring and summer. The Jaccard index revealed a greater similarity in the composition of the ichthyofauna in areas II and IV, while the lowest happened between I and IV, which is probably due to the different sizes of these areas. This paper clearly shows the relevance of this estuary, albeit strongly impacted, for recruitment of small fish mainly during summer and autumn months.

ReSumo: Os estuários se caracterizam por apresentar uma elevada produtividade biológica como áreas vitais da alimentação, reprodução, cuidado e atração para uma grande diversidade de organismos. Mas o aumento da ocupação humana associado à exploração econômica intensiva causou um aumento gradual da degradação do habitat destas áreas. Saco da Fazenda (Itajaí, Santa Catarina) sofre de intenso impacto antrópico, recebendo águas de esgoto doméstico, resíduos sólidos, e atividades de dragagem. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a composição quali-quantitativa dos crustáceos, peixes e pássaros, e os impactos prováveis das atividades de dragagem em suas espécies. Apesar da degradação bêntica do habitat e da mortalidade de espécimes Ariidae, Paralichthydae e Portunidae durante o período de atividades de dragagem, foi observado um aumento na abundância e riqueza de espécies após a realização destas atividades, associada provavelmente ao aumento da profundidade, que melhorou os padrões locais de circulação da água, favorecendo assim a entrada de peixes e crustáceos no ecossistema. PalavRaS-Chave:Biodiversidade. Impacto ambiental. Solo -ocupação.aBStRaCt: Estuaries are characterized by presenting a high biological productivity working as important feeding, breeding, nursery and recruitment areas for a large diversity of organisms. However, the increasing of human occupation associated to an intensive economic exploration, has led to a gradual increase of habitat degradation of such areas. Saco da Fazenda (Itajaí, Santa Catarina state, Brazil) suffers intense anthropic impact, receiving domestic sewage discharge, solid residues and dredging activities. The aim of this work was to analyze the quail-quantitative composition of the crustaceans, fishes and birds, and the probable impacts of dredging activities of its species. The ichthyofauna assemblage was composed by 51 species, 42 genera and 23 families, with the white mullet, Mugil curema being the most abundant species in 2001-2002 and 2003-2005, while the atlantic sabretooth Anchovy Lycengraulis grossidens and the Caitipa mojarra Diapteurs rhombeus dominated in 2000-2001 and 2002-2003 respectively. True crabs and shrimps are distributed among five families and ten species, where Callinectes danae was the most abundant. Crabs were represented by five species and two families, being Uca uruguayensis the most abundant species. The avifauna was characterized by 50 species where seven were classified as shorebirds, 39 were limnic waterbirds and four species were border inhabitants or visitors coming from the Atlantic Forest. The families Ardeidae, Scolopacidae, Laridae and Charadriidae contributed with 64,0% of the species, being Phalacrocorax brasilianus (Gmelin, 1789) and Larus dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 the predominant ones. Despite the benthonic habitat degradation and the mortality of Ariidae, Paralichthydae and Portunidae specimens during the period of dredging activities, it was observed an increment in species abundance and richness after the accomplishment of...