Production of fine-grained tungsten carbide is expensive due to the energy-intensive techniques employed in traditional commercial operations. Recent research has shown that ultrafine (<2 μm) tungsten carbide particles can be produced by the adsorption of tungstate oxyanions on an activated carbon substrate followed by reduction and carburization at elevated temperature under a controlled furnace atmosphere. The thermal processing step is effective at temperatures substantially lower than those used in commercial practice. However, the carbide particles remain bonded to the surfaces of the larger carbon particles. Liberation and separation of the carbide particles have proved challenging, and the literature suggests that comminution and classification at this scale have not been thoroughly investigated. This paper describes the development of a highly effective method for liberation, separation, and purification of ultrafine tungsten carbide particles. It is paramount to note that to maintain the energy efficiency of the technique and to avoid any unwanted changes to size and shape and also to avoid the agglomeration of WC particles due to heat, any techniques that could have introduced a significant amount of heat during liberation and separation of WC particles had to be avoided. This resulted in the elimination of techniques such as burning off the activated carbon substrate or any exothermic chemical reactions, which posed another significant challenge on the liberation and separation of WC particles. Taken together, physical liberation (ball milling) and separation (centrifugation) were proved to be highly effective to achieve the aforementioned goals.
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