This article introduces the official providers of developing co-operation from beyond the membership of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Assistance Committee. In Section 2, it provides an overview of their volumes of development co-operation and key features, distinguishing between 'emerging donors', 'providers of South-South Development Co-operation' and 'Arab donors'. Section 3 offers insights into the opportunities and risks brought by their growing presence in developing countries. Section 4 examines their impact on the international development co-operation system, which is under increasing pressure to become more inclusive. The concluding section takes an optimistic look at the growing opportunities for mutual learning and collaboration between all providers of development co-operation.

The remarkable temporal properties of ultra-short pulsed lasers in combination with novel beam shaping concepts enable the development of completely new material processing strategies. We demonstrate the benefit of employing focus distributions being tailored in all three spatial dimensions. As example advanced Bessel-like beam profiles, 3D-beam splitting concepts and flat-top focus distributions are used to achieve high-quality and efficient results for cutting, welding and drilling applications. Spatial and temporal in situ diagnostics is employed to analyze light-matter interaction and, in combination with flexible digital-holographic beam shaping techniques, to find the optimal beam shape for the respective laser application.

We report on the ultrashort pulse laser induced formation of birefringent structures in the volume of different glasses: Borofloat 33, BK7 and ULE(TM). Using polarization contrast and scanning electron microscopy we could prove that this birefringence is induced by nanogratings. We were able to identify the pulse duration as a crucial process parameter for the generation of nanogratings in these glasses. The achieved birefringence in ULE is comparable to fused silica, while borosilicate glasses show much less birefringence (only about 12%). Remarkably, the period of the nanogratings is also dependent on the type of the glass, being 250 nm for ULE and only 60 nm in case of Borofloat 33

The industrial maturity of ultrashort pulsed lasers has triggered the development of a plethora of material processing strategies. Recently, the combination of these remarkable temporal pulse properties with advanced structured light concepts has led to breakthroughs in the development of laser application methods, which will now gradually reach industrial environments. We review the efficient generation of customized focus distributions from the near-infrared down to the deep ultraviolet, e.g., based on nondiffracting beams and threedimensional-beam splitters, and demonstrate their impact for micro-and nanomachining of a wide range of materials. In the beam shaping concepts presented, special attention was paid to suitability for both high energies and high powers.