Our study examined factors associated with the utilization of health services in children younger than 5 years with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) symptoms in Indonesia. Data were derived from the 2012 and 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. Information from 1408 children younger than 5 years showing ARI symptoms in the past 2 weeks before the survey was analyzed using logistic regression analyses. Around 25% of children younger than 5 years with ARI symptoms did not receive medical care. The odds of receiving care increased in mothers from rich households. The odds reduced in children aged 2 or more years; children of mothers not assisted by trained delivery attendants; mothers attending none or <4 antenatal visits; mothers delivering at home, and mothers reporting that permission to visit health services was a problem. Efforts to improve care-seeking behavior are required. Health promotion strategies and interventions to improve access to reach community not regularly exposed to health services are important.
Pendahuluan Peningkatan penyakit tidak menular (PTM) belakangan ini cukup tinggi. Isu vitamin D kembali muncul sebagai salah satu penyebab utama permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat di dunia. Bukti terakhir menunjukkan bahwa selain menimbulkan gangguan pada tulang, defisiensi vitamin D juga bertanggung jawab atas meningkatnya berbagai penyakit tidak menular. Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan kadar Vitamin D dan kadar kalsium serta hubungan keduanya dengan angka kejadian PTM. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian dengan menggunakan metode total sampling yang dilaksanakan pada januari 2019 di Puskesmas Kairatu Barat, Kecamatan Seram Bagian Barat. Hasil: Responden perempuan 74%, usia terbanyak 41-50 tahun. Laki-laki 26%, usia terbanyak 51-60 tahun. Kalsium normal ditemukan pada semua sampel (8,3-10,6 mg/dL). Hasil pengukuran kadar 25(OH)D serum, sebagian besar berada di level insufisiensi 69%, diikuti sufisiensi 28%, defisiensi 2% dan toxisitas 1%. Hubungan kadar 25(OH)D dan Tekanan Darah (p = 0,130); 25(OH)D dan Gula Darah Sewaktu (p = 0,367); 25(OH)D dan asam urat (p = 0,598); 25(OH)D dan kadar kolesterol (p = 0,011). Tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit tidak menular sebesar 71%. Kesimpulan: Jika merujuk pada status Vitamin D pada umumnya maka pada uji statistik terdapat hubungan tidak bermakna baik antara Vitamin D dengan Kadar Kalsium dan Vitamin D dengan faktor risiko PTM. Tetapi jika merujuk pada konsensus terbaru dimana level kecukupan/sufisiensi di atas 20 ng/ml maka 97% 25(OH)D berada pada status sufisiensi.
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