This study, based on medical records analysis and literature review, addresses the condition of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) of non-atherosclerotic etiology, resulting from coronary embolism, consequent to atrial fibrillation (AF). IAM caused by embolism has poorly established pathophysiology, control and prognosis, although the therapeutic approach corresponds to that observed in atherosclerotic AMI, in most cases. The goal of this study was to report and discuss the episode of a non-atherosclerotic AMI due to coronary embolism, in order to prevent new diagnoses from going unnoticed. In conclusion, AF was the etiological factor involved in this event and the involvement of the right coronary artery, as observed in this case, is not recurrent.