Backgroud Melatonin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions at the mitochondrial level. This indole-containing molecule may protect ovarian grafts during the process of cryopreservation. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether melatonin pretreatment improves rat ovarian graft quality. Methods Twenty-six female rats were allocated to two study groups of thirteen animals each: 1) control group: ovaries cryopreserved using the standard protocol; and 2) melatonin group: ovaries cryopreserved in a medium with melatonin. Ten rats of each group were submitted to 24-h freezing, and whole ovaries autologous and avascular transplantation with retroperitoneal placement. After postoperative (PO) day 15, daily vaginal smears were obtained for estrous cycle characterization. Between PO days 30 and 35, the animals were euthanized and ovarian grafts were recovered for histological and immunohistochemical (Ki-67, cleaved caspase-3, TUNEL, von Willebrand factor, estrogen, and progesterone receptors) analyses. The ovaries of the three remaining rats from each group were studied immediately after thawing to assess the effects of cryopreservation. ANOVA and Tukey’s tests were used and the rejection level of the null hypothesis was set at 0.05 or 5% (p < 0.05). Results Melatonin promoted faster restart of the estrous cycle and increased the expression of mature follicles, collagen type I, von Willebrand factor, Ki-67, and cleaved caspase-3 on corpora lutea and estrogen receptors in the ovaries as compared to control. There was a reduction in apoptosis by TUNEL on follicles, corpora lutea, and collagen type III. Conclusion Based on the evaluated parameters, melatonin may promote the quality of ovarian grafts. Reproductive function enhancement should be further studied.

RESUMO:Ligas Acadêmicas são agremiações estudantis para o desenvolvimento e aprendizados em determinados campo de estudo, sendo a atividade extracurricular mais popular em algumas escolas médicas. Nesse contexto, apresentamos descritivamente a Liga Acadêmica de Cirurgia Pediátrica de um centro médico quaternário em São Paulo, Brasil, onde 23 alunos entre o 2º ao 5º ano médico são membros regulares, frequentando atividades como sala operatória, ambulatório e visitas à enfermaria e participando de seminários. O ingresso à Liga Acadêmica se dá por prova de múltipla escolha após Curso Introdutório, sendo no ano de 2015 65,00% do público do Primeiro Ano Médico, e a média de acertos geral de 74,50%. Acreditamos serem benefícios da participação da Liga um primeiro contato com uma especialidade cirúrgica, ter uma maior carga horária em Cirurgia Infantil, desenvolvimento propedêutico e desenvolvimento de atividades didáticas.Descritores: Pediatria/educação; Educação de graduação em medicina/métodos; Estudantes de medicina; Aprendizagem; Conhecimentos, atitudes e prática em saúde.ABSTRACT: Academic Leagues are student interest groups for the development and in-depth learning of a certain field of study, being the one most popular extracurricular in some Medical Schools. We present the Pediatric Surgery Academic League in a quaternary center in São Paulo, Brazil, where 23 students ranging from 2 nd to 5 th Medical School year are regular members, having regular activities such as visits to the operation room, outpatient clinic rotation, inpatient rounds and seminars. To be part of the Academic League, students have to pass a multiple question test based on an introductory course. In 2015, 65.00% of candidates were 1 st year students, and the average grade obtained was 74.50%. Overall, we believe being a member of the Academic League promotes first exposure to a surgical specialty, greater workload in Pediatric Surgery, learning Semiology and development of teaching skills.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of electrosurgery fulguration as a treatment for Bartholin’s gland cysts. DESIGN Retrospective study with a comparative control group performed on Hospital Brigadeiro and in the Disciplina de Ginecologia do Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo from February 2005 to March 2009. Patients: Patients with Bartholin’s gland cyst were divided into three treatment groups: group 1 electrosurgery (n=169 cases); group 2 - gland excision with the conventional technique using a cold scalpel (n = 51 cases); group 3 - marsupialization (n=11 cases). We reviewed the clinical and surgical history, physical examination, description of the surgical technique, postoperative results (success and complications), and follow-up data. RESULTS There is no difference between groups in relation to intraoperative bleeding, hematoma, and complete healing in a single treatment session. However, electrosurgery shows the lower percentage of recurrences 18 (10,7%) compared to the Marsupialization technique (group 3, p=.031). Recurrences occurred in 18 (10,7%), 3 (5,9%), and 4 (36,4%) cases. After retreatment by the same technique, there was a complete cure rate of 90% (152/169) for group 1, and 98% (50/51) for group 2. The cost of group 1 was lower than that of other groups. CONCLUSION The fulguration with electrosurgery of the capsule of Bartholin’s cyst is an effective method of treatment, andthe cost of this technique is lower than the conventional technique and marsupialization.

Background: Melatonin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions at the mitochondrial level. This indole may protect the ovarian graft during the cryopreservation process. Therefore, our study aimed to determine whether melatonin pretreatment improves rat ovarian graft quality. Methods: Twenty female rats were allocated to two study groups of ten animals each: 1) control group: ovaries cryopreserved using the standard protocol; and 2) melatonin group: ovaries cryopreserved in a medium with melatonin. Following 24-h freezing, whole ovaries underwent autologous and avascular transplants with retroperitoneal placement. After postoperative (PO) day 15, daily vaginal smears were obtained for estrous cycle characterization. Between PO days 30 and 35, animals were euthanized and ovarian grafts were recovered for histological and immunohistochemical (Ki-67, cleaved caspase-3, TUNEL, von Willebrand factor, estrogen, and progesterone receptors) analysis. The ovaries of the three remaining rats from each group were studied immediately after thawing to assess cryopreservation effects. The ANOVA and the Tukey tests were used, and the rejection level of the null hypothesis was set at 0.05 or 5% (p<0.05).Results: Melatonin promoted faster restart of the estrous cycle and increased the expression of mature follicles, collagen type I, von Willebrand factor, Ki-67, and cleaved caspase-3 on corpora lutea and estrogen receptors in the ovaries. There was a reduction in apoptosis by TUNEL on follicles, corpora lutea, and collagen type III. Conclusion: Melatonin may promote the quality of ovarian grafts through the evaluated parameters. Reproductive function enhancement could be further studied.