Few studies have reported the molecular epidemiological characterization of HIV-1 in the Northern region of Brazil. The present study reports the molecular and epidemiological characterization of 31 HIV-1 isolates from blood donors from the State of Amazonas who donated blood between April 2006 and March 2007. Serum/plasma samples from all donors were screened for HIV antibodies by ELISA and the results confirmed by Western blot analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from the buffy coat using the Super Quik-Gene-DNA Isolation kit. Nested PCR was performed on the env, gag, and pol regions of HIV-1 using the Gene Amp PCR System 9700. Sequencing reactions were performed using the inner PCR primers and the DYEnamic™ ET Dye Terminator Kit, and phylogenetic analysis was performed using the gag, pol, and env gene sequences. We collected samples from 31 blood donors who tested positive for HIV-1 in confirmatory experiments. The male:female ratio of blood donors was 3.4:1, and the mean age was 32.4 years (range: 19 to 61 years). Phylogenetic analysis showed that subtype B is the most prevalent among Northern Brazilian HIV-1-seropositive blood donors. One HIV-1 subtype C and one circulating recombinant form (CRF_BF) of HIV-1 were identified in the State of Amazonas. This is the first study showing the occurrence of a possible “homogenous” subtype C in this region of Brazil. This finding could contribute to a better characterization of the HIV-1 strains that circulate in the country. Key words: HIV-1; Subtypes; Phylogenetic analysis; Blood donors; Molecular and epidemiological characterization
Obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes are epidemic chronic situations in industrialized countries that are associated with the reduction of life quality and increase of patients’ mortality. Before the serious epidemiological picture and the impact that the diabetes causes in the society, the use of different therapeutic interventions is priority in the scientific community. Thus, the goal of this work valued the hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of the leaves of Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl (faveleira). The phytochemical analysis demonstrated the carbolic acids presence, flavonols, xanthone, catechin, triterpenoids, tannin and coumarins in both extracts and the liquid chromatography of high efficiency revealed the presence of the gallic acid; a powerful metabolite antioxidant. The Diabetes was induced in mice Swiss with alloxan that they did not present mortality when treated with 100, 200 mg / kg of methanolic extract and 100, 200 and 400 mg / kg of aqueous extract for 30 days. Histopathological analysis of the animal’s organs (kidney, pancreas, liver) did not reveal architectural alteration. All the diabetic animals submmited to the extracts presented a higher reduction on the blood sugar level percentage than the ones which were undergone to the standard drug. It is important to highlight that the blood sugar level - of the diabetic animals undergone to 400 mg / kg of weight of the aqueous extract - presented glycemic reduction of 39,81 % after 30 days of treatment. These results are very promising because they show great potential for the use of this typical Brazilian Caatinga plant as an alternative therapeutic option to slow down or reduce the risk of hyperglycemia and oxidative stress in diabetic patients.
Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil antropométrico de manipuladores de alimentos. Métodos: Foram aferidos: o peso, altura e a circunferência da cintura (CC) e relacionadas com os parâmetros determinados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) para o risco de doenças cardiovasculares (RC). Foi realizado um questionário contendo perguntas sobre o nível de escolaridade, a prática de exercícios físicos e o diagnóstico de doenças crônicas. Resultados: O estudo contou com a participação dos 28 colaboradores da unidade. O cálculo do Índice de Massa corpórea (IMC) demonstrou que 12 colaboradores (42,85%) apresentaram classificação de Obesidade Grau. O RC foi alto para 17 colaboradores (60,71%). Conclusão: Os manipuladores de alimentos pesquisados apresentaram graves fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares de acordo com os critérios determinados pela OMS. Esperamos que trabalhos como este auxiliem na caracterização do perfil nutricional dos trabalhadores e na elaboração de propostas que melhorem sua qualidade de vida.
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