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Electronic assembly operations are vital to industries such as telecommunications, computers and consumer electronics. This paper presents a constraint analysis methodology for planning and improving electronic assembly operations that draws on concepts from queueing theory, simulation and production planning. The proposed methodology identi®es the operational bottleneck and predicts the utilization, throughput and lead time of the assembly line. It also quanti®es the relationship between yields and utilization for the assembly operations. A case study is presented that applies the methodology at an Ericsson, Inc., telecommunications equipment assembly facility. The constraint analysis methodology provided valuable