The combination of the no-till planting system (NTS) and pasture (e.g. brachiaria grass, Urochloa sp.) for livestock production constitutes a crop–livestock integration (CLI) system. CLI systems significantly increase the total organic carbon (TOC) content of soil and the particulate organic carbon (POC) of soil organic matter (SOM). The present study evaluated TOC and the granulometric fractions of SOM under different management systems in a Cerrado area in the state of Goiás. Two areas applying crop rotation were evaluated, one using CLI (corn/brachiaria grass/bean/cotton/soybean planted sequentially) and the other NTS (sunflower/pearl millet/soybean/corn planted sequentially). A third area covered with natural Cerrado vegetation (Cerradão) served as a reference to determine original soil conditions. Soil was randomly sampled at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–40 cm. The TOC, POC, and mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) were assessed, and POC and MOC stocks calculated. The CLI system resulted in greater TOC levels than NTS (0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm). Compared with the Cerradão, CLI areas exhibited higher stocks of TOC (at 5–10 and 10–20 cm) and POC (at 0–40 cm). Results obtained for TOC and POC fractions show that land management with CLI was more efficient in increasing SOM than NTS. Moreover, when compared with NTS, the CLI system provided better POC stratification.
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os teores de carbono orgânico total e alguns atributos físicos (densidade do solo, macroporosidade, microporosidade, diâmetro médio ponderado e geométrico de agregados) de um Cambissolo Háplico sob fragmentos florestais de Mata Atlântica em estágio inicial; intermediário e avançado, e compará-los à áreas de pastagem e agricultura (anual e perene). A regeneração de florestas secundárias em função do estágio de recuperação contribuiu para o aumento de carbono orgânico total e da macroporosidade, reduzindo os valores de densidade do solo, diâmetro médio ponderado e geométrico de agregados. Na área de pastagem foram verificados valores de carbono orgânico total, densidade do solo, macroporosidade, microporosidade e diâmetro médio ponderado e geométrico de agregados similares aos observados nas áreas de floresta. Na área de agricultura anual observou-se redução dos teores de carbono orgânico total, macroporosidade, diâmetro médio ponderado e geométrico de agregados e aumento da densidade do solo em função do manejo adotado.
RESUMO A irrigação por aspersão em pastagem pode aumentar a produção de forragem e melhorar as condições químicas do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a fertilidade e os teores de carbono total e oxidável de Latossolo 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-40cm depth, to
The Atlantic Forest degradation and fragmentation imposes the need for soil and vegetation assessments in order to estimate the environmental vulnerability of the remnants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the georadar applications in areas of Atlantic Forest under different forms of use in Pinheiral, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, through penetrometer impact and ground penetrating radar (GPR). Forest fragments at different stages of regeneration, and pasture and agriculture (perennial and annual) areas were selected for study. Soil characterization was performed through measurements of soil resistance to penetration (SRP) with an impact penetrometer, and the soil properties with a ground penetrating radar (georadar). SRP increased in the forest areas at initial, medium and advanced stages from 2.0 to 2.5, 2.0 to 3.0 and 2.5 to 6.0 MPa, respectively. In the perennial and annual agriculture areas, the increase in SRP was due to differences in their mineral composition, and the lowest values found in the annual agriculture area were due to fauna activity. The employment of GPR generated information in a more rapid manner than with the use of impact penetrometer.
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