GirişSerebro vasküler hastalıklar (SVH) beynin bir veya birden çok kan damarının katıldığı patolojik süreçler sonucu oluşan ani başlangıçlı, fokal veya global nörolojik semptomlar olarak tanımlanır. Patolojik süreç, damar duvarının herhangi bir lezyonu veya permiabilite değişik-liği, lümenin emboli veya trombüs ile tıkanması, damarların rüptürü, kan viskozitesinde artış veya diğer kan içeriğindeki değişiklikler, ateroskleroz, hipertansif aterosklerotik değişiklikler, anevrizmal dilatasyon, arterit, gelişimsel malformasyonlar gibi durumlarda gelişir (1, 2).Akut inme tedavisindeki gelişmelere rağmen, inme nedenli ölümler halen birçok ülkede 3. sırada yer almaktadır. İnme ayrıca önde gelen engelli olma nedenidir. Yaşayanların %20'si, 3 hafta hastane bakımına ihtiyaç duymakta %15-33 kadarı sürekli özürlü kalmaktadır. Bu durum hastanın ve ailesinin ekonomik, sosyal, psikolojik hayatı ve genel yaşam kalitesi üzerine olumsuz etki oluşturmaktadır. Bu hastaların sürekli bakım ve tedavi masrafları, kişiye ve topluma ciddi mali yük getirmektedir. Aile bireylerinin neredeyse yarısı bu olayı ölümden kötü görmektedirler. Bu durumda inme açısından risk oluşturan faktörlerin epidemiyolojik çalışmalarla belirlenmesi ve önlenmesi önem kazanmaktadır (3).İnme, acil nöroloji servislerine başvuran bütün vakaların %50'sini, kronik bakım servislerinde yatan vakaların %15'ini oluş-turmaktadır (3). AbstractObjective: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the commonest cause of adult disability in both developed and developing countries. Immediate mortality is high and approximately 30% of stroke patients die within a year and one in three of stroke patients become dependent on others. In this study on cardiac and carotid pathology, was designed to investigate the importance of ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods:The data of 91 patients with acute ischemic stroke who were admitted to the emergency department of Selcuk University from 01/2007 to 01/2008 were analyzed. All the patients were evaluated with echocardiography and carotid arterial doppler. Results: According to TOAST criteria, all patients with acute ischemic stroke are classified as; 29.7% large vessel disease, 40.7% cardioembolic stroke, 18.7% small vessel disease, 4.4% other known etiologies and 10.5% unknown causes. With echocardiographic evaluation, the high risk of cardioembolic stroke is 21.1% and intermediate risk of cardioembolic stroke is 76.6.% With carotid arterial doppler evaluation 38.5% patients have <50% stenosis, 18.7% patients have 50-70% stenosis, 7.7% patients have >70% stenosis and 3.3% have total occlusion. Conclusion: The echocardiographic evaluation is mandatory for the diagnosis and choice of treatment options for all patients who have ischemic stroke, and the carotid arterial doppler is an essential study mode for this population. (JAEM 2011; 10: 114-8)
After dinner the same mushroom two patients that are the mother 58 years old and her son 27 years old were admitted to our emergency department. Fist stage renal disease in patients with heart failure occurred in the second case. First cases to be taken into dialysis fistulas were opened and were discharged continuously.General conditions improved with medical treatment was the second case. Althought the same mushroom dishes are always different clinical picture should be taken into consideration.
GirişToraks travmaları, travma nedeniyle ölen hastaların %25'ini oluşturmakta ve hayati organları etkilemektedir. Amerika Birleşik Devletlerin'de (ABD) her yıl ortalama 16.000 kişinin toraks travması nedeniyle hayatını kaybettiği tahmin edilmektedir (1). Toraks travması sonucunda, pnömomediastinum, masif hemotoraks, trakeobronşial rüptür, akciğer kontüzyonu, yelken göğüs, akciğer laserasyonu, aort yaralanması, künt kalp yaralanması ve perikardiyal tamponat gibi hayatı tehdit eden ve sıklıkla resüsitatif torakotomi (RsT) gerektirebilecek yaralanmalar oluşabilmektedir. Tüp torakostomisi ve RsT uygun endikasyon ile hızlı bir şekilde seçilmiş hastalarda uygulandığında hayat kurtarıcı olmaktadır. RsT'nin birincil amacı, oluşabilecek kalp tamponadından hastayı koruma, hayatı tehdit eden kanamaların kontrolü ve açık kalp masajı için yol açılmasıdır. İkincil amaç ise, inen aortanın klemplenerek, kan dolaşımının gövdenin üstü ve beyinde yoğunlaşmasını sağlamak ve oluşan hasarın cerrahi olarak onarımına zaman kazandırmaktır (2). İlk olarak 1902 yılında 13 yaşın- AbstractResuscitative Thoracotomy (RsT) is a lifesaving procedure when performedaccording tor the correct indications and rapid applications in patients sustaining trauma to the thoracoabdominal region, particularly penetrating injuries. In the past three decades, there has been a significant clinical shift in the performance of RsT throughout the world, particularly developed countries. A 20-year-old man with a blunt chest injury presented as an emergency with chest pain and dyspnea, as a result of a massive hemopneumothorax causing lung laceration. He sustained cardiac arrest in the emergency department due to hemorrhagic shock and bilateral hemopneumothorax, despite no apparent thoracic surface injury. He was intubated and RsT was performed immediately. An immediate manual compression of the pulmonary hilum was done as damage control, surgical repairm to lung laceration was performed and the bleeding was completely stopped. After open-chest cardiopulmonary rescucitation the patient regained cardiac contraction and pulse. Resuscitation was achieved with RT and internal cardiac massage in the patient who had sustained blunt chest injury. The outcome of the patient to whomRsT is performed is frequently related to multiple factors like age, trauma types and application time. RsT is a rarely performed procedure in an emergency department in Turkey. For this reason, the present case reports discusses the efficiency of RsT and its indications. (JAEM 2013; 12: 46-8)
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