The records of 80 patients at this institution diagnosed as having testicular torsion during a 5-year period were examined to establish the characteristics and peculiarities, if any, of the disease in Nigeria. There were 74 suitable cases. Similar symptoms and physical signs were identified in Nigeria as have occurred elsewhere. However, contrary to reports from Europe and America the majority (57 per cent) of the patients with testicular torsion in this study were 20 or more years old. Also, torsion occurred significantly more often (9 per cent) in men 30 or more years old than has been reported in other areas. Only 5 per cent of the patients were less than 10 years old. There is no ready explanation why testicular torsion becomes manifest during adulthood in Nigeria. The testes were explored in 73 cases. Of the testes 25 per cent could not be salvaged because of infarction with acute torsion. However, the immediate testicular salvage rate of 75 per cent does not necessarily ensure long-term normal exocrine and endocrine testicular function.

The histological structure and the architectural arrangement of the tissues comprising the capsule of the prostate gland have been studied by a combination of observations at operations on the prostate gland and histological sections of the capsule obtained at autopsies and during operations on the prostate gland. The study reveals that the fibromuscular tissue of the prostatic capsule has a definite and not haphazard arrangement. The practical application of this finding in relation to surgical approaches to the prostate gland is discussed.

A simple method of repairing vesicovaginal fistulae through an anterior transvesical approach is described. The process involves a minimal dissection and mobilization of the mucous membrane of the bladder in order to preserve the blood supply for the area of the fistula. Twenty-nine patients referred to one Urology Unit have been treated in this way over the past 10 years with a success rate of 86% after the first operative attempt.

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