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Introduction: This study aimed to explore pharmacy students' and faculty members' perception of online learning at the Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Andalas. Methods: A survey was administered to 522 undergraduate students, 140 pharmacist professional students, and 51 faculty members via an online electronic survey (Google Forms). Demographic data, online learning experiences, and online learning acceptance of students and faculty members were collected through the survey. Results: Five hundred forty-five students and 36 faculty members of the Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Andalas participated in this study. Online learning was mostly delivered using Zoom, combined with other media (47.3%). The majority of faculty members and students agreed that online learning could achieve knowledge learning outcomes (LOs), but not attitude LOs and skills LOs. More than a half of students and faculty members perceived that online learning is less effective. Conclusion: In general, the faculty members and students perceived that online learning was not very effective and only considered to achieve some aspects of LOs. As the COVID-19 pandemic is not over yet, it seems that online learning is the reasonable option for conducting learning activities. However, the learning activities and media should be carefully selected to ensure the achievement of all aspects of LOs.

The preparation and characterization of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) from rice straw have been done by using chemical and enzymatic techniques. Alpha cellulose was prepared by a multistage pulping method from rice straw. MCC was prepared by using chemical and enzymatic techniques from alpha cellulose. In this study, the physicochemical properties of microcrystalline cellulose were evaluated and compared to Avicel PH 101. The physicochemical properties include organoleptic, loss on drying, solubility in water, starch test, morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), functional groups by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, and analysis by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC). Results showed that MCC obtained by chemical technique was 86 % of alpha cellulose, by enzymatic techniques were 83 % (for 5 % enzyme), 82.67 % for (10 % enzyme) and 84.2 % (for 15 % enzyme), respectively. The SEM image showed the morphology of MCC; the functional groups present in the MCC and DSC analysis of MCC was the same as Avicel PH 101.

Irbesartan is classified as an angiotensin II receptor antagonist. It is used in the treatment of diseases such as hypertension and diabetic nephropathy. It is available in single and combination forms in the market. Drug quality assurance needs to be done to ensure the quality and safety of drugs, one of the quality assurance that can be done by determining the level of medicine. This review provides an analytical method for determining irbesartan levels is collected from literature in the last ten years (2011-2020) through web sources such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, and others with the search keyword ―Analysis of Irbesartan in Pharmaceutical Preparation and Biological Matrices‖ and ―Determination of Irbesartan." The methods reported for the analysis of irbesartan in bulk, pharmaceutical preparations, and biological matrices. The analysis method is used, such as spectrophotometry methods, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Overall, the most used method is high-performance liquid chromatography because not only to pharmaceutical preparations, this method can also be used for biological matrices samples that require a small amount of sample analysis.