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Bedri faik zahiti, daut rashit gorani, fitim Bejtullah gashi, sami Bajram gjoka, lorita Bedri zahiti, Bekim sylë Haxhiu, lulzim selim kamberi university clinical centre of kosova, prishtina, kosovo corresponding author: daut rashit gorani, md. e-mail: daut_g@yahoo.com introductionAbnormalities in diastolic function are considered to be an early sign of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and are identified in type 2 diabetic patients without systolic ventricular dysfunction as assessed by conventional methods, and also by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8). The close association of diabetes with high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is primarily due to an increased rate of ischemic heart disease. Some authors have reported a direct effect of diabetes on the myocardium (diabetic cardiomyopathy) that can lead to congestive heart failure in the absence of coronary atherosclerosis (9, 10, 11). Prevalence of CVD especially of ischemic heart disease in diabetics is more increased when associated with: arterial hypertension, overweight, increased levels of serum lipoproteins etc. (12, 13). Therefore, tissue Doppler imaging, as a new echocardiography tool, based on measurement of wall motion velocities (1,14,15,16,17,18), seems better suited for evaluating diastolic function, and is expected to improve the identification of diabetic patients with diastolic dysfunction and early impairment of cardiac performance (1,19). Recent studies have reported that the addition of TDI to CE increases the ability to identify diastolic dysfunction among diabetic patients (6). In the early stage, diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), while left ventricular (LV) systolic function impairs later on in the clinical course of diabetes (20).The aim of the study was to evaluate whether TDI is able to detect abnormalities of diastolic function by using exercise stress test in type 2 diabetic subjects even in the presence of a normal cardiac function with CE and symptom free in rest. material and metHods subjectsThree hundred subjects of both genders were studied; the study population was selected from two groups of subjects: 150 non-obese, normotensive, uncomplicated type 2 diabetic patients of average age of 50,5±10, in five years duration of disease and the control group which consisted of 150 non-diabetic subjects, of average age of 47,50±8,5, recruited from healthy volunteers. From the study were excluded patients with HTA, obesity, acute ischemic disease, heart failure, heart defects and pulmonary obstructive disease. The diagnosis of original paper ABSTRACT the aim of the study was detection of diastolic dysfunction of myocardium with Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, in five years duration of disease, and normal cardiac function on conventional echocardiography (CE), according to the performance showed on exercise stress test. material and methods: We studied 300 patients, of them 150 patients with nonobese, normotensive, uncomplicated type ...

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BackgroundDespite the indisputable role of anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients at risk for stroke, anticoagulants remain under-used in everyday clinical practice. We assumed that by performing trans-oesophageal echocardiography (TEE) on patients with AF who were not on anticoagulation treatment prior to the procedure, and by explaining to them the TEE images obtained, as well as the possible consequences of these findings, we could convince patients to start anticoagulation therapy. The main objective of the study was to assess the examined patients’ adherence to warfarin therapy over a two-year period.Methods and resultsWe conducted a prospective TEE study from February 2006 to December 2008 on 70 patients with chronic AF who were not on anticoagulation treatment. Mean patient age was 65.85 ± 10.02 years and 68.57% were women. Thrombus in the left atrial appendage was found in 25 (35.71%) patients. Fifty-four (77.14%) patients had thrombi or spontaneous echo contrast in at least one of their supraventricular cavities.Following the procedure and with detailed explanation to the patients of their TEE findings, we managed to start anticoagulation therapy on 60 (85.71%) patients. At the end of the follow-up period of 23.76 ± 2.8 months, 53 (75.71%) patients remained on warfarin therapy. The rest of the surviving patients settled for thrombo-prophylaxis with aspirin.ConclusionTEE is a valuable method that, in addition to its diagnostic possibilities, could also serve as a convincing visual method of putting atrial fibrillation patients onto an anticoagulation regimen.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that includes a whole range of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases (and not only) or as they are known by the abbreviation (SKV), are as numerous as they are complex, attacking the heart and blood vessels, causing many deaths globally, not to mention, are among the main causes. Arteriosclerosis is diagnosed, mainly on the basis of family and medical history, in which case a physical examination and specific tests are performed, which include: blood tests, Doppler ultrasound, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, echocardiography, angiography and stress test, etc. The study was conducted at the University Clinical Center of Kosovo (UCCK). The paper is based on data obtained from the research protocol of patients of this clinic, in the period 2016-2018. This study included 100 patients with heart disease and their treatment, with special emphasis on coronary artery bypass grafting. Our goal was to emphasize the care, as well as the quality of life of patients, after coronary artery bypass surgery. This process has always been supervised by the head nurse of the clinic, in order to fully preserve the privacy of the patients included in this research. From the results of this research, we found that males dominate in the number of patients included in the study, age over 50 dominates, and we also found that most patients have relatives who suffer from heart disease. We also see that 18% of patients continue to smoke after surgery, while 70% of them stated that their health after surgery is much better than last year, and