A method is described to approximate the 3D form and distribution of mineral dust (MD) aerosol particles based on digital in-line holographic imaging. The concept involves constructing a 3D geometrical hull of a particle defined by image-perimeter curves from a sequence of 2D images. Measuring holograms every ten milliseconds results in a video revealing the flow of the MD particles in 3D. Examples of two MD samples of different mean particle-size are presented.

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Large fusion scale laser facilities aim at delivering megajoules laser energy in the UV spectrum and nanosecond regime. Due to the extreme laser energies, the laser damage of final optics of such beamlines is an important issue that must be addressed. Once a damage site initiates, it grows at each laser shot which decreases the quality of the optical component and spoil laser performances. Operation at full energy and power of such laser facilities requires a perfect control of damage kinetics and laser parameters. Monitoring damage kinetics involves onsite observation, understanding of damage growth process and prediction of growth features. Facilities are equipped with cameras dedicated to the monitoring of damage site growth. Here we propose to design and manufacture a dedicated full size optical component to study damage growth at increased energy, on the beamline, i.e. in the real environment of the optics on a large laser facility. Used for the first time in 2021, the growth statistics acquired by this approach at the Laser MegaJoule (LMJ) facility provides a new calibration point at a fluence less than 5 J cm−2 and a flat-in-time pulse of 3 ns.