Activities in building construction industry contribute to air pollution. In this study, gas data from four locations at each three building construction sites in Doha, Qatar were collected and analyzed. Questionnaires were also administered to companies that are involved in building construction projects. The results showed traces of SO2, CO2, CO and NO2 but in amounts below the detrimental limit stipulated by the Ministry of Environment, Qatar. Questionnaire responses revealed that the extraction of raw materials and the energy consumed during construction occur quite often, but strongly implicated dust generated from construction sites and waste disposal, as major factors causing air pollution in the area. It is therefore, recommended that regular monitoring of air should be carried out within building construction sites to aid detection of air contamination. This will serve as a control measure to stimulate catalytic conversion of exhaust, reuse and recycling of waste materials. Keywords: Air pollution, Building construction activities, Dust, Emissions and Environment.

Traffic flow study plays a key important in various functionalities of cities all over the world. The study of traffic flow is also viewed as an essential facility of the country when it wants to establish traffic operations patterns in the progress of road planning. Blockages are accountable for a sequence of harmful effects such as loss of time, scheduling difficulties, carbon dioxide production, and risks of accidents as well as external expenses. Besides, inadequate transportation facilities and increased traffic volume hamper urban development, especially in developing nations. The objective of the study was to assess the traffic flow state in two selected national roads of Kigali city. The traffic data were collected from 5 am to 8 pm on two National Roads (RN1 and RN3).  The relationship between density and flow rate was analyzed using the fundamental diagram of traffic flow. It was found that the peak hours were from 6 am to 8 am and 5 pm to 8 pm. The highest number of vehicles counted were motorcycles due to shortcuts taken to reduce travel time. The results on RN3 revealed a proportion increase of traffic flow and density in the free-flow regime from 0 to maximum flow of 3346.6 veh/h correspondent to a critical density of 114.9 veh/km. However, in the congested zone regime, there was a decrease in traffic flow and an increase in density. It was found that the curve of flow versus density tended to increase on-road RN1. This study proposed the promotion of public transport and e-commerce as strategies to mitigate the congestion. Also, further research may be carried out on all roads of Kigali city, to provide the level of congestion useful for traffic deviation accordingly.

Engineering and technology are basic in any country’s development. Addressing the gender gap in civil engineering education will help to narrow the gender pay gap, enhance women’s economic security and ensure a diverse and talented STEM workforce. This paper focuses on gender disparity in civil engineering education at Institut d’Enseignement Superieur de Ruhengeri (INES), Rwanda, and the University of Ibadan (UI), Nigeria. Data were sourced from the graduating records of the Departments of Civil Engineering, INES Ruhengeri, Rwanda, and the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, covering a period of 5 years (2016 - 2021). Data were analysed using excel tools. The Department of Civil Engineering, University of Ibadan, recorded a slight increase in the number of female graduating students from 5 in the 2015/16 session to 6 in the 2020/21 session, representing a 20% increment and a slight reduction in the number of male graduating students in the department from 37 in the 2016/17 session to 28 in the 2020/21 session representing a 32% reduction. At INES, Ruhengeri, the number of male graduating students in the Department of Civil Engineering increased from 46 in the 2016/17 session to 145 in 2020/21, showing a 215% increment, and the number of female students increased from 18 in 2016/17 to 23 in 2020/21 showing an increment of 28%. The overall percentage of females in civil engineering education is below 20% compared to over 80% of males in the two institutions. Although the number of male graduating students decreases as the year progresses, the increase in female graduating students is not significant. Hence the gender gap seems to remain with year progression. The study proposes an improvement in motivating female students by providing scholarships, including pedagogical motivation in science courses

Rigid pavements are often preferred to flexible types due to their higher durability and ease of maintenance also to reduce early road failure and increase its longevity. This study redesigned a deteriorated segment of Oke-Omi flexible road pavement as a rigid pavement. The pavement thickness was derived using the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) design method. A programme using a spreadsheet was developed to facilitate the design process. The sieve analysis result showed that the soil was poorly graded. The soil has a low plasticity index of 28.1% (liquid limit 46.2%, plastic limit 18.1%); the Maximum Dry Density and Optimum Moisture Content were 1999 g/cm3 and 10.8% respectively. The California Bearing Ratio of the soil was 48.43% which shows that the subgrade strength was adequate. The computed Estimated Single Axle Load (ESAL) for both the base year and the projected year are 6.74x106 and 100x106 single axle respectively. The design process yielded the pavement thickness of 240 mm and 380 mm for the base year (2017) and projected year (2037) respectively. A rigid pavement of adequate thickness was designed for the deteriorated segment of the Oke-Omi road.

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