TLM is oncologically sound in the salvage setting with high larynx-preservation rate, but there is a trend toward inferior local control rates compared to open partial laryngectomy techniques.

Internal carotid artery (ICA) dissection is a rare cause of a cranial nerve X palsy. Patients more commonly present with stroke or transient ischaemic attacks. An undetected and untreated ICA dissection can have serious consequences. Here, the authors present two cases of ICA dissection presenting with isolated vagal nerve palsy presenting with hoarseness. CT scans provided good evidence of ICA in both cases. The patients were treated with antiplatelet agents and made a good recovery with complete resolution of symptoms.

This letter summarises what is in the literature on the cytology and ultrasound characteristics of non‐invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTPs) and how they may overlap with papillary thyroid carcinoma. The authors present their findings from 12 NIFTP cases and assess the risk of over‐calling this lesion malignant preoperatively.

No abstract