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Long-term care (LTC) consists of medical and social services for individuals with chronic conditions or disability that have difficulties with their activities of daily living (e.g., Lipszyc et al., 2012; National Institute on Aging, 2017). Public LTC systems are common across countries within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to address the failure of unregulated LTC markets (Finkelstein & McGarry, 2006;Forder et al., 1996), and public spend on LTC in most of these countries is considerable. In 2017, for example, the Netherlands, the Nordic countries and Switzerland were among those spending the most on public LTC, that is, between 2.5% and 4% of GDP. The provision of public LTC has the primary goal of improving the quality of life of the service user (Fernandez et al., 2011). In addition, LTC aims to support the health care sector in achieving a better allocation of resources by providing less costly alterna-

Food supply chains are benefiting from blockchain technology, as it establishes a shared, secure record of information flows, thus reducing food safety risks, increasing consumers’ trust in products’ provenance and enhancing supply chain efficiency. However, despite some embryonic applications, systematic literature review reports very few investigation studies. This article proposes a potential design and update frequency of relevant data to be stored in the Ethereum blockchain for monitoring and traceability purposes and explores the cost connected to every transaction in the case of a fresh milk processing industry and supply chain, from dairy farms to the end consumers. Results show that (i) investments are limited for the supply chain actors; (ii) the benefits of a blockchain-enabled supply chain can be achieved with a minimal impact on the product’s consumer price, and (iii) the costs of operating the blockchain increases as we move down along the tiers of the supply chain.