RESUMENEn este estudio se propone la caracterización de los enfermeros que trabajan en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCIs) de las Regiones Brasileñas y la asociación del nivel de estrés con la edad, cargo ocupado, tiempo de egresado y la frecuencia a cursos de postgrado. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizándose la Escala Bianchi de Estrés, constituida por caracterización sociodemográfica y 51 items de las actividades desempeñadas por enfermeros. La muestra estuvo conformada por 263 enfermeros, siendo del sexo femenino (91,6%), joven (80,2% < 40 años), entre 2 y 5 años de egresado (34,6%), 87,8% trabajando como enfermeros asistenciales, 74,5% con postgrado lato sensu. Los enfermeros obtuvieron un nivel de estrés entre medio y alerta (60,1%). Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre dominios C (administración de personal) y D (asistencia de enfermería) y realización del curso de postgrado. Concluyendo, tanto los enfermeros como los hospitales deben invertir esfuerzos para obtener subsidios para la prestación de asistencia y estrategias de enfrentamiento del estrés. DESCRIPTORES Estrés.Unidades de terapia Intensiva. Enfermería. ABSTRACTThis study proposes a characterization of the nurses who work in intensive care units (ICU) in different regions of Brazil and the association of the stress level they report with age, position, time since graduation, and enrollment in Graduate courses. The data were collected using the Bianchi Stress Inventory, consisting of socio-demographic information and 51 items of the activities nurses perform. The sample was comprised of 263 nurses, most of them female (91.6%); young (80.2% are less than 40-years old); graduated between 2 and 5 years previously (34.6%); with latu sensu Graduate studies (74.5%). Most individual stress scores varied from medium to alert (60.1%). There was statistically significant association (p<0.05) between areas C (administration of personnel) and D (nursing assistance). In conclusion, both nurses and hospitals must make efforts to get subsidies for improving assistance conditions and for strategies to cope with stress. RESUMO O estudo propõe uma caracterização dos enfermeiros que atuam em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) das Regiões Brasileiras e a associação do nível de estresse relatado com idade, cargo ocupado, tempo de formado e freqüência a cursos de pós-graduação. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se a Escala Bianchi de Stress, constituída por caracterização sociodemográfica e 51 itens das atividades desempenhadas por enfermeiros. A amostra foi composta por 263 enfermeiros, sendo feminina (91,6%), jovem (80,2% < 40 anos), entre 2 e 5 anos de formado (34,6%), 87,8% atuando como enfermeiros assistenciais, 74,5% com pós-graduação lato sensu. Os enfermeiros obtiveram nível de estresse entre médio e alerta (60,1%). Houve associação estatisticamente significante (p<0,05) entre domínios C (administração de pessoal) e D (assistência de enfermagem) e realização de curso de pós-graduação. Concluindo, tanto os enfermeiros como hos...
This study suggests a lift of stressors among Brazilian nurses who work at Intensive Care Units (ICU) of Brazilian's area. The sample was constituted by 263 nurses who work at high complexity hospitals in the capitals of Brazilian States. Data was obtained using a "Bianchi Stress Inventory" that enclosed socio-demographic data and 51 items which turn on the activities developed by nurses. Statistical analysis was described and inferential, using Cronbach alpha to evaluate the reliability of data, the Man-Whiney and Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric tests in order to check the difference in the classifications of independent groups, and the analysis of variance by ANOVA, when the value was significant. In order to promote the comparison and the study of data, it was used a score of stress and classified into 6 areas: relationship (A), unit functioning (B), staff administration (C), nursing assistance (D), unit coordination (E) and work conditions (F). The stress level was classified in low (under 3,0), medium (from 3,1 to 4,0), alert (from 4,1 to 5,9) and high (above 6,0). The sample was eminently feminine (91,6%); young (80,2% under 40 years old); from 2 to 5 years after finishing a graduation course (34,6%); has worked at ICU for 5 years as assistant nurses (87,8%), has worked in general ICU (71,5%), Latu-Sensu post-graduated (74,5%), and 38,8% has worked in Northeast States. The individual score stress of nurses varied from 2,41 to 5,21 considered from medium to alert. The stress score among Regions in decrescent order was: Southeast > Center-West > North > Northeast > South. After analyzing the six areas, the classification was: C > F > E > D > B > A, and it was independent of geographical localization. Having an after-graduation to areas C and D was statically significant (p<0,05) in which was found difference to nurses of Southeast with high level of stress comparing to the ones in Northeast. Then the answer to stressors in ICU depends on the individual evaluation and staff administration is a stressor in all Brazilian Regions.
Introduction: This research is based on a survey regarding he level of stress and the stressors in ICU nurses in the regions of Brazil. The study received approval from the Local Research Ethics Committee.
Enfermagem.Lopes FJ. Stress and Family members' coping responses of patients hospitalized in intensive care units [thesis]. São Paulo (SP): Nursing School,
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